Assessment 3 Flashcards by Aserah Blank

Which of the following causes impetigo and pharyngitis?

a. Group A strep
b. Staphylococcus aureus
c. Group B strep
d. Viricans group Strep

Staphylococcus aureus

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Perforins are secreted by?

Natural killer cell

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A 58 year old alcoholic man experience sudden onset of fever, shaking chills, sharp pleuritic pain and production of rusty sputum. He probably has an infection caused by:

S. pneumoniae

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Rheumatoid arthritis is what type of hypersensitivity reaction?

Immune complex mediated

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A 3-week-old female infant was brought to the emergency by her mother for nonbilious and nonbloody vomiting along with decreased appetite, decreased urine output, increased fussiness jaundice and fever. The infant had been born at 37 6/7 weeks’ gestational age by normal spontaneous vaginal delivery, mother claimed she had prolonged labor.

Group B strep

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The “hallmark” of Adaptive Immunity?

Antigen recognition

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The following statement differentiates Innate Immunity from adaptive immunity, EXCEPT one.

a. Has no anamnestic response
b. Relies on formed elements
c. Rapid response
d. Non specific response
e. Genetic make up

Has no anamnestic response

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Which of the organism listed below is the most frequent bacterial cause of Pharyngitis?

a. S. pneumoniae
b. S. aureus
c. Viridans streptococci
d. S. pyogenes

S. pyogenes

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Rheumatic fever is the most common sequela of this organism:

Group A strep

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A mother to the clinic because of fever, sore throat and erythema. Upon physical examination patient manifested polyarthritis and carditis. Identify the causative agent:

gram positive, bacitracin sensitive, pyroillidonyl araylamidase positive

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Which of the following causes pseudomembranous colitis?

a. Clostridium difficile
b. Clostridium botulinum
c. Clostridium diptheriae
d. Closetridium perfringes

Clostridium difficile

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W/c of the ff organism has tumbling motility in blood culture?

a. Listeria monocytogenes
b. Clostridium difficile
c. Clostridium tetani
d. Corynebacterium diptheriae

Listeria monocytogenes

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Streptococcus pyogenes is the main human pathogen associated with poststreptococcal immunologic disorders, this bacteria becomes virulent in the presence of which of the ff:

a. F antigen
b. Streptophanase
c. Hyaluronidase
d. M protein

M protein

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Described as box-car shaped rods:

Bacillus anthracis

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W/c is Novobiocin resistant organism?

Staphylococcus saprophyticus

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The following is/are true of Group B Streptococcus except:

a. Hydrolyze sodium Hippurate and give a positive CAMP test
b. M protein main virulence factor
c. Bacitracin sensitive, β-hemolytic
d. nonhemolytic and PYR negative

M protein main virulence factor

nonhemolytic and PYR negative

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Most common cause of otitis media in children:

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Most common cause of otitis media in children:

Streptococcus pneumoniae

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Which of the following is a pyrogen?

a. IL-6
b. Interleukin-1
c. Interferon
d. Tumor Necrosis Factor- A

Interleukin-1

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Which of the following organism is beta hemolytic?

a. Staphylococcus aureus
b. Streptococcus agalactiae
c. Streptococcus mitis
d. Staphylococcus epidermidis

Streptococcus agalactiae

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Not a function of the complement system?

a. Opsonization to enhance pathocytosis
b. Promotes mobilization and activation of WBCs
c. Activation of macrophages to release interleukins
d. forms the membrane attack unit to cause cytolysis
e. Promotes vasodilation/Anaphylatoxins

Opsonization to enhance pathocytosis
b. Promotes mobilization and activation of WBCs

Function
Opsonin–coats pathogen to make appear different and thus recognizable by macrophages
Inflammation-Activates mast cells, basophils, neutrophils, and macrophages to increase inflammatory response -
Cytolysis–causes cell lysis (Big MAC attack)
Eliminates Antigen-Antibody complexes on RBCs killed in spleen
Chemotaxisis the directed movement of leukocytes up a gradient concentration toward the site of infection
Anaphylatoxinspromote vasodilation and increase vascular permeability.

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Most common cause of scarlet fever?

Group A strep

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Which of the following is true regarding Passive Immunity.

a. results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease (
b. Mothers to baby through the placenta
c. Antibodies developed in response to vaccination
d. is long-lasting, and sometimes life-long

Mothers to baby through the placenta (Natural Passive)

results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease (Artificial Active)
Antibodies developed in response to vaccination (Artificial Active)
d. is long-lasting, and sometimes life-long (Active)

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A 10 year old girl develop a sore throat with erythema, exudates over the tonsils, cervical lymphadenopathy and fever. A pharyngeal swab was collected and beta hemolytic colonies of gram positive ovoid shaped organism in chain grows in blood agar medium. What test can be used to identify the organism:

Bacitracin susceptibility

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Vaccines can be given to everyone except? a. A 55 yo female with breast cancer on chemotherapy b. A 39 yo male with bronchial asthma c. If you one have cough on the day of the vaccination d. A 16 yo girl with insomnia

A 55 yo female with breast cancer on chemotherapy

What is the main virulence factor of Strep pyogenes?

M protein

The display of Cell Adhesion molecules happens during which events of inflammation?

Vascular changes

Which cell can cause Redness and swelling?

Neutrophil

Which is not the correct statement regarding staphylococci? a. Staph aureus produces coagulase whereas Staph epidermidis does not b. Some strain of Staph aureus cause rheumatic fever as a result of immunologic cross-reaction between the protein of the organism and the protein of the myocardium c. Some strain of Staph aureus produce an enterotoxin which causes vomiting and diarrhea d. Some strain of Staph aureus are resistant to penicillin due to production of beta-lactamase

Some strain of Staph aureus cause rheumatic fever as a result of immunologic cross-reaction between the protein of the organism and the protein of the myocardium

A culture of skin lesion from a patient with pyoderma (impetigo) shows numerous colonies surrounded by a zone of beta-hemolysis on a blood agar plate. A gram stained smear shows gram positive cocci. If you found the catalase test to be negative. Which organism would you most probably have isolated?

Streptococcus pyogenes

This pertains to the antigenic determinant which works in a “Lock and Key” mechanism

Epitope

Which causes neonatal meningitis?

Group B strep

Which of the following is not an effect of Cytokine release? a. Macrophage activation b. Mediates Antigen specific interaction c. Promotes differentiation of Cytotoxic T cells d. Mediates inflammation

Mediates Antigen specific interaction

The most common pathogen of community acquired pneumonia in adults

S. pneumoniae

A patient developed Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) after accidentally inhaling some dust at the sheep’s farm. What is the determinant of pathogenicity of this organism that can resist phagocytosis?

Polyglutame D capsule

Which of the following scenario would you suspect Clostridium difficile infection?

pseudomembrane in the colon

Which of the following test for corynebacterium diphtheria uses known toxigenic C. diphtheria?

Modified Elek immunoprecipitation method

True of Clostridium perfringens, EXCEPT? a. Found in soil b. Obligate aerobes c. Can survive heating d. Catalase Negative

Obligate aerobes

Which will differentiate Listeria from Corynebacteria? a. Corynebacterium is able to produce hemolysin b. Listeria is motile at 37 degrees Celsius c. Listeria is able to produce hemolysin d. Corynebacterium is Non-motile

Listeria is able to produce hemolysin

A farmer developed a localized cutaneous red lesion on his hand after handling carcasses of dead pigs with red patches on the skin. What is the expected biochemical reaction of this organism?

indole positive

It is particularly difficult to differentiate Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae from?

Lactobacillus sp

Which of the following can cause food poisoning? a. Clostridium difficile b. Bacillus cereus c. Clostridium perfringens d. Clostridium botulinum e. Bacillus anthracis

Bacillus cereus | Clostridium botulinum

Has a characteristic growth of stormy or milky fermentation on liquid media?

Clostridium perfringens

A man had knee surgery 2 days prior when he developed compression syndrome. Which sign would you suspect clostridium perfringens?

Crepitation in the subcutaneous tissues

A previously healthy young man initially presents with eye dropping which progressed to symmetrical paralysis of upper and lower extremities. History revealed he has eaten unrecalled donated can goods. Which of the following is true? a. Patients should received airway support like mechanical ventilator within 8 hours b. He should receive Tetanus immunoglobin c. Give Penicillin G IV d. He should receive Tetanus toxoid

Patients should received airway support like mechanical ventilator within 8 hours

The moment of Listeria monocytogenes inside of host cells is caused by

Inducing host cell actin polymerization

Which of the following has the fastest toxin effect? a. Clostridium tetanu b. Clostridium difficile c. Clostridium botulinum d. Bacillus anthracis

Clostridium botulinum

Which of the following statement about Genus clostridia is true? a. Clostridium tetani produced double zone hemolysis b. They produce Beta hemolysis c. Aerobic microorganisms d. They have centrally located spores

They have centrally located spores

Which of the following statement differentiate Nocardia from Actinomycetes a. Nocardia are Gram + Bacilli b. Actinomycetes produce Sulfur granules c. Actinomycetes are partially acid fast d. Cotrimoxazole is the drug of choice

Actinomycetes produce Sulfur granules

True for Listeria monocytogenes a. Catalase negative b. motile at room temperature c. gram – spore forming rods d. Growth is non hemolytic on blood agar

motile at room temperature

A 3-year-old child had watery diarrhea after taking Cheese. The organism showed tumbling motility. Which statement is true? a. Strictly anaerobic gram + bacilli b. potent verotoxin causes the diarrhea c. Internalins produces the siderophores d. Iron is an important virulent factor

Iron is an important virulent factor

A woman who had induced abortion became hypotensive and in distress after a couple of days. Which of the following statement is true about the pathogenesis of this infection? a. Superantigen causes massive activation of the cytokines b. Enterotoxin causes respiratory paralysis due to toxin binding at the synaptic cleft c. Exotoxin causes myonecrosis of the smooth muscles resulting in placid paralysis d. Endotoxin causes Septic shock by activating the polymorphonuclears

Superantigen causes massive activation of the cytokines

A man got punctured deeply by a rusty nail in a constitution site. He went to the clinic after 2 days. Which of the following is the correct intervention? a. Give 3 separate doses of Tetanus immunoglobulin b. Give intramuscular injection with Tetanus Toxoid 500 units c. Thorough cleaning of wound daily d. give 3 separate doses of Tetanus toxoid deep IM e. Aggressive debridement of wound

Give intramuscular injection with Tetanus Toxoid 500 units | Thorough cleaning of wound daily

Growth with characteristic medusa head colonies

Bacillus anthracis

Which of the following does not cause principal human illness? a. E b. B c. F d. A e. C

Which of the following characteristic is correctly paired? a. Bacillus anthracis inhalational anthrax= best specimen is sputum b. Bacillus anthracis=Hemolytic on Blood agar c. Bacillus anthracis= grow in nitrogen and carbon d. Bacillus anthracis= cut glass appearance

Bacillus anthracis inhalational anthrax= best specimen is sputum b. Bacillus anthracis=Hemolytic on Blood agar c. Bacillus anthracis= grow in nitrogen and carbon d. Bacillus anthracis= cut glass appearance

All of the following statements regarding Clostridium perfringens are correct EXCEPT a. It can cause intravascular hemolysis b. It produces a double zone of hemolysis when grown on blood agar c. It produces an enterotoxin d. It is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea

It is the most common cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhea

A 2 years old child was brought to the clinic due to anorexia, vomiting and fever. Upon examination, you noticed a greyish patch at the soft palate and bull neck appearance. What is the characteristic appearance of this organism?

Club-shaped rod with beaded appearance

Listeria monocytogenes is frequently a foodborne pathogen because?

It can survive at 4C

Which of the following aerobic gram-positive bacilli is modified acid-fast positive? a. Nocardia brasiliensis b. all of them c. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae d. Lactobacillus acidophilus

Nocardia brasiliensis

This toxin promotes edema caused by clostridium perfringens.

Epsilon

A wool sorter personnel had a traumatic skin lesion and was noted to have a non-painful black scab after a few days. What is the antibiotic of choice?

Ciprofloxacin