Assessing Dehydration (ASAN002/3) Flashcards
What are the methods of assessing dehydration in our patients? (3)
- Patient history
- Physical exam
- Lab tests
What do we need to consider in our Patient’s history to help assess their dehydryation? (5)
- Patient eating & drinking?
- GI losses?
- Trauma?
- Urinary output?
- Abnormal discharges?
What questions do we need to ask to assess the patient’s eating & drinking status? (6)
- have they been eating & drinking normally?
- are they anorexic?
- Off their food?
- eating less than normal?
- drinking less than normal?
- drinking a lot more? (polydipsia)
What do we need to consider to determine Gastrointestinal (GI) losses? (5)
Vomiting?
Diarrhoea?
how often?
how much?
what does it look like? (consistency & colour)
When devising a fluid plan, what specifically about GI lossess needs to be taken into account? (1)
V & D are on–going losses until they are resolved.
What do we need to consider in regards to Trauma to help assess their dehydryation? (4)
- Haemorrhage?
- When trauma occurred?
- How did it happen?
- Current patient status?
What do we need to consider in regards to Urinary status to help assess their dehydryation? (5)
- ↓ urination
- ↑ urination (polyuria)
- straining to urinate? (dysuria)
- colour?
- consistency?
What do we need to consider in regards to Abnormal discharges to help assess their dehydryation? (4)
how long?
amount?
colour?
consistency?
What are examples of Abnormal discharges that would contribute to fluid loss? (2)
- Open pyometra
- Large weeping sore
What parts of a Physical Examination help us assess dehydration? (2)
- Feel mucous membranes
- Perform skin tenting
At what percentage of dehydration do clinical signs start to become apparent? (1)
Once patient is at least 5% dehydrated.
How to normal Mucous Membranes feel? (1)
MM’s are normally moist.
How do a dehydrated patient’s MM’s feel? (2)
Dry & Tacky
How do we perform Skin Tenting? (3)
- Gently lift skin
- Twist
- Observe how long before returns to normal.
Dehydration Percentage & Clinical Signs (Image)