ASR 5 Flashcards
ASR #1
Which of the following describes the term “reinforcement history”?
a. Identification of reinforcers to increase
behavior
b. Influence of past events on current
behavior
c. Genetic changes across time that lead to
species-specific responses
d. Development of reinforcement schedules
based on historical publications
b
ASR #7
Shortly thereafter, Gretchen uses praise as a consequence for correct responding in her discrete-trial sessions. She no longer uses edible items. What is likely to happen?
a. Reinforcement of correct responding by
praise
b. Respondent extinction only (praise will no
longer elicit respondents, but correct responding will continue)
c. Operant extinction only (praise will continue to elicit respondents, but will not function as a reinforcer)
d. Both respondent and operant extinction
d. Both respondent and operant extinction
This kind of treatment relapse is said to occur when the reinforcement schedule on a DR a becomes more intermittent or is removed altogether
Reinstatement
Renewal
Resurgence
Respondent
Resurgence
ASR #2 Applied behavior analysts frequently study reinforcement history as a subject in its own right. a. True b. False
False
ASR #3 Alleman & Zeiler (1974) found that response rates during fixed-time schedules were: a. Low if the pigeons had recent experience with DRL b. Low if the pigeons only experienced FT c. High if the pigeons had ever experienced FR
C
ASR #4
Which of the following might a clinician consider doing if he wanted to maintain responding during response-independent (FT) reinforcement?
a. Make the contexts associated with response-dependent and response-independent schedules as distinct as possible.
b. Select an organism that didn’t have a
reinforcement history.
c. Yoke (equate) the FT schedule to the
obtained response-dependent reinforcement rate
C
ASR #27 One way to identify or reduce the influence of history effects in multiple baseline designs is to: a. Select highly similar participants, responses, or settings b. Use interval schedules instead of ratio schedules c. Program for generalization d. Use a combined design
D
ASR #25 \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ occurs when one phase follows another, so effects cannot be separated from history with previous phase. a. Reversal effects b. Counterbalancing c. Separation effects d. Sequential confounding
C
ASR #28 Conners and colleagues demonstrated that the use of discriminative stimuli during functional analyses: a. Improved differentiation between conditions b. Resulted in lower overall rates of responding c. Did not influence functional-analysis outcomes d. Resulted in identification of more automatic-reinforcement functions
a. Improved differentiation between
conditions
ASR #29
During changing criterion designs,
considering reinforcement history is:
a. Primarily due to ratio strain
b. A critical feature of the design
c. Addressed by counterbalancing conditions
d. Not necessary because history effects are unlikely
B
ASR #23 Applied studies of the PREE typically find strong evidence for more resistance to extinction after intermittent reinforcement than continuous reinforcement. a. True b. False
False
ASR #24 Behavior analysts only need to be concerned about a client’s most recent reinforcement history. Distant histories are overridden by more recent experiences. a. True b. False
B
C
C
ASR #26 This term refers to an extreme form of sequential confounding. a. Carryover b. Irreversibility c. Overshadowing d. Multiple causation
B
