Artrita reumatoida Flashcards

1
Q

Concordanta ridicata intre gemenii monozigoti de pana la

A

15%

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2
Q

Prognostic slab

A

HLA-DR4 → 50-75%

posesie alele comune din clasa HLA-DRB1*04 → prezenta lor pentru epitopul comun in HLA-DRB1 (S2 + S3P)

⇑ susceptibilitatea la AR

predispune la dezv ACPA

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3
Q

AR ACPA+ → asociata cu locusuri langa HLA-DRB1 si PTPN22

aceste gene afecteaza

A

prezentarea autoAg - HLA-DRB1

transductia semnalului Receptorilor lf T - PTPN22

tinte ACPA - PAD14

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4
Q

Factori de mediu

A

fumat

alte forme de stres bronsic

⇑ riscul de AR in prezenta HLA-DR4

actioneaza sinergic cu HLA-DRB1 → ⇑ riscul de a avea ACPA

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5
Q

Microorg comensale = microbiom

A

supraf mucoase

cavitate bucala

+

tract respirator superior

+

intestin

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6
Q

Modificarile microbiomului pot facilita

A

dezvoltare imunitate innascuta + adaptativa

→ predisp la AR

asociere boala parodontala + modif microbiom intestinal → aparitia AR

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7
Q

AutoAc

A

FR

autoAc tintesc port Fc a IgG

75-80%

relativ specifici pt diagnostic

valoare predictiva mica

ACPA

mai specifici

sensib mai mare

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8
Q

Umerii

A

initial → imita tendinoza calotei rotatorilor

sindrom de arc dureros

durere in partea sup a bratelor noaptea

*ruptura calotei rotatorilor

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9
Q

Coate

A

tumefiere si deformare dureroasa in flexie fixa

boala constituita → pierdere capacitate de flexie

dificultati severe de hranire → asociere cu deformari de umar, carp, degete

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10
Q

Picioare

A

una dintre primele manifestari AR → tumefiere dureroasa a articulatiilor MTF

  • picior lat
  • deformare degete in ciocan
  • migrare ant tesut fibro-adipos protector → expunere capete metatarsiene la presiune → durere
  • ulcere / calus → sub capetele metatarsiene si pe fata dorsala picioare
  • afectare mediotarsiana → prabusire bolta medioplantara + pierdere flexibilitate picior
  • glezna deformata in valg
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11
Q

Genunchi

A

sinovita masiva + revarsat articular

→ raspund bine la aspiratie + injectie cu glucocorticoizi

acumulare persistenta de lichid sinovial → formare + ruptura chist popliteal

boala constituita, eroziune cartilaj + os

→ pierdere radiografica a spatiului articular

→ deteriorare compart mediale +/- laterale / retropatelare

deformare in varus / valgus

frecvent: GONARTROZA SECUNDARA

*ARTROPLASTIE

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12
Q

Solduri

A

in AR precoce

mai putin frecvent decat genunchii in toate stadiile

pierdere radiologica spatiu articular

+

osteoporoza juxta-articularamigrare mediala acetabul = protrusio acetabulae

COXARTROZA SECUNDARA

*ARTROPLASTIE

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13
Q

Coloana cervicala

A

rigiditate dureroasa gat → adesea musculara

sinovita reumatoida afecteaza:

articulatiile sinoviale coloana cerviala superioara

bursele care separa procesul odontoid de arcul anterior atlas + lig de fixare

subluxatia + proliferarea sinoviala locala → afect maduva spinarii → semne piramidale si senzoriale

IRM → prima intentie

Rx coloana cervicala in flexie laterala + extensie gat → instabilitatea atlanto-axiala

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14
Q

Alte articulatii

A

temporo-mandibulara

acromio-claviculara

sterno-claviculara

crico-aritenoida

orice alta sinoviala

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15
Q

Noduli reumatoizi

A

fermi, intradermici

apar in puncte de presiune → boala eroziva seropozitiva

coate

articulatii degete

tendonul lui Ahile

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16
Q

Bursita

A

bursa olecraniana

alte burse tumefiate

17
Q

Tenosinovita

A

tendoanelor flexoare ale mainii → rigiditate + un deget in resort

*tumefiere teaca tendon extensor in partea dorsala a pumnului - frecventa

18
Q

Pot aparea

A

Hipotrofie musculara peri-articulara

Miopatie indusa de glucocorticoizi

Osteoporoza (AR care nu sunt bine controlate)

19
Q
A