Articulations and movements

Question 1

Definition of an articulation

Answer 1

a joint, where 2 bones come together

Question 2

What are the classifications of joints

Answer 2

synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

Question 3

what is a synarthrosis joint

Answer 3

no range of motion, fused bone, cartilage, fibrous connection
ex. teeth, pelvis, 1st rib

Question 4

what is an amphiarthrosis joint

Answer 4

limited range of motion, slightly moveable, no muscle to move but not limited
ex. between tibia and fibula, pelvis

Question 5

what is a diarthrosis joint

Answer 5

freely moveable joint, synovial

Question 6

all synovial joints contain…

Answer 6

articular capsule, articular cartilages, synovial membrane and synovial fluid

Question 7

accessory structures in synovial joints

Answer 7

meniscus, fat pad, bursa, ligaments - extracapsulr or intracapsular

Question 8

what are the 3 components of joint stability

Answer 8

passive - bony congruency, ligaments and capsule
active - muscles that cross joint

Question 9

what are the 3 types of movements

Answer 9

1. linear - 2 surfaces slide past each other
2. angular - body parts change angles between each other
3. rotation - typically in transverse plane

Question 10

examples of levers

Answer 10

1st class - seesaw, skull with traps on spine
2nd class - wheelbarrow, tippy toes
3rd class - catapult, biceps

Question 11

what is a synergist

Answer 11

aids agonist

Question 12

what is a fixator

Answer 12

prevents movement at one joint so another can move

Question 13

what is an agonist

Answer 13

prime mover, produces particular moement

Question 14

what is an antagonist

Answer 14

muscle opposing agonist, opposes movement

Question 15

what are the 6 ways to name muscles +examples

Answer 15

1. location - rectus abdominus
2. origin/insertion - sternocleidomastoid
3. fascicle orientation - rectus abdominus
4. position - flexor digitorum superficialus
5. structural - biceps brachii
6. action - levitator scapulae