Arteriviridae Flashcards
Which of the following is NOT true for Arteriviridae?
A. Spherical virions that are enveloped
B. ss positive sense RNA that is infectious
C. Associated with persistent infections
D. Virions are formed by budding through the plasma membrane
D.
Budding through the ER membrane
Exocytosis out the plasma membrane
If you have a problem with your arteries, it could cause a heart attack and you will wind up in the ER.
Its a good thing to have arteries, so its positive sense
You want to keep your arteries covered so you don’t hit them and bleed out, so enveloped
Equine Viral Arteritis (EVA) can be transmitted the following ways, with the principal mode of infection during the acute phase listed first:
A. Venereal, respiratory only
B. Respiratory, venereal only
C. Venereal, respiratory and transplacental
D. Respiratory, venereal, transplacental
D.
Respiratory route is the primary mode of infection during the acute phase
Also transmitted venereally (AI or natural) and transplacentally LATE in pregnancy= congenitally infected foal; EARLY= abortion
The following animals can be carriers for EVA:
A. Stallion only
B. Stallion and mare
C. Stallion, mare and foal
D. None of the above- there is no carrier state for horses.
A. Stallion ONLY
Most adult horses infected with EVA will be asymptomatic, but some common signs seen, if any, will be:
A. Petechial hemorrhages on mucosae B. Scrotal, preputial or mammary edema C. Hindlimb edema D. Urticaria E. All except A
E
Equine Viral Arteritis replicates in the following cells:
A. Lung parenchymal cells
B. B and T cells
C. Macrophages, B-cells and T-cells
D. Macrophages and endothelial cells
D.
Macrophages and endothelial cells
Equine Viral Arteritis causes pneumonia and enteritis in which animals?
A. Actively breeding stallions
B. Pregnant mares
C. Neonatal foals
D. Yearlings
C.
SEVERE pneumonia in foals up to a few months of age
The main thing you are concerned about if you have a horse farm in terms of EVA is:
A. Abortion storms
B. High rates of mortality of your breeding stock
C. Lots of vet bills, because so many of your animals get very ill with pneumonia
D. This virus is not really an issue in the real world
A. Could cause abortion rates to be as high as 60%!
T/F:
EVA can replicate extensively in seminiferous tubules, causing destruction of these cells, resulting in short-term subfertility in stallions.
False!
It does replicate extensively there, causing edema. BUT the subfertility is indirect, in that it is caused by a high temperature in the scrotum from the fever and somewhat from the edema.
It is appropriate to vaccinate which animals for EVA?
A. Colts that will be used for breeding B. Stallions- annually at least a month before breeding season in those used for breeding C. Geldings used for pleasure riding D. Mares that are used for breeding E. All of the above except C
E.
T/F:
Stallions found to be carriers of EVA should not be allowed to breed.
False
They can actually be bred to mares known to be seropositive or that are vaccinated against EVA
Which of the following is TRUE for Blue Ear Disease?
A. It is in the genus Arterivirus
B. Infects only swine
C. Also known as Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)
D. Also known as Swine Mystery Disease (SMD)
E. All of the above
E.
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS)
has an affinity for what cells, and in which tissues?
A. Macrophages; Lungs and reproductive organs
B. Lymphocytes;Lungs and lymphoid tissues
C. Lymphocytes; Lungs and reproductive tissues
D. Macrophages; Lungs and Lymphoid tissue
D
Arterivirus in pigs has a reproductive phase that will be seen in pregnant sows that includes:
A. Abortion if fetus infected early in pregnancy
B. Stillbirths, mummies, weak newborns, premature births
C. Late-term abortion (virus only crosses placenta after day 72)
D. Lesions in umbilical cord of aborted fetuses
E. B and C only
E.
Virus can only cross placenta after day 72 of pregnancy so will only see late-term abortions
Lesions on umbilical cords are are NOT seen in stillborn or aborted fetuses
T/F:
Hallmark features of PRRS in piglets are seen after weaning, and include cyanotic ears, red discoloration of body, and pneumonia that will manifest as a characteristic “thumping” respiratory pattern.
True
T/F:
The most widely used test for PRRS is the ELISA
True
Elisa the pig is weird bc she purrs?
