Arm

Question 1

Anatomically where is the arm?

Answer 1

The upper half of the upper limb, between the shoulder and the antecubital fossa

Question 2

What are the three heads of triceps brachii?

Answer 2

Caput longum (long head), caput mediale (medial head), caput laterale (lateral head)

Question 3

What are the origins of triceps brachii?

Answer 3

Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head: posterior humerus - inferior to radial nerve
Lateral head: posterior humerus - superior to radial nerve

Question 4

What is the insertion of triceps brachii?

Answer 4

Olecranon of the ulna

Question 5

What is the innervation to triceps brachii?

Answer 5

Radial nerve (C6-8) except lateral head which is axillary nerve (C5,6)

Question 6

What is the blood supply to the triceps brachii?

Answer 6

Brachial artery profunda

Question 7

What are the actions of triceps?

Answer 7

extension at the elbow, and extension and adduction at the shoulder

Question 8

What are the nerve roots of the radial nerve?

Answer 8

C5-T1

Question 9

Which muscles does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 9

Triceps brachii and extensor muscles of the forearm

Question 10

Which part of the upper limb does the radial nerve provide sensation to?

Answer 10

Posterior arm and forearm, lateral aspect of dorsum of the hand, lateral 3 and 1/2 digits

Question 11

Which artery is the brachial artery a continuation of?

Answer 11

The axillary artery

Question 12

Does the brachial artery lie anterior or posterior to the humerus?

Answer 12

Anterior

Question 13

Where is the radial groove?

Answer 13

On the posterior aspect of the humerus, running obliquely from medial to lateral

Question 14

Where does the radial nerve bifurcate?

Answer 14

At the anterior aspect of the antecubital fossa

Question 15

Where does the brachial plexus come out of the neck?

Answer 15

Between the anterior and middle scalene muscles

Question 16

Which veins converge to form the axillary vein?

Answer 16

Brachial and basilic veins

Question 17

Which vein does the axillary vein drain into?

Answer 17

The subclavian vein

Question 18

At what landmark does the axillary vein start?

Answer 18

The lower border of teres major

Question 19

Which vein does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 19

The axillary vein

Question 20

Where does the cephalic vein drain into the axillary vein?

Answer 20

Beneath the scapula at the level of the 1st rib

Question 21

Which branch comes off the axillary artery in the first segment?

Answer 21

Superior thoracic artery

Question 22

Which branches come off the axillary artery in the second segment?

Answer 22

Thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery

Question 23

Which branches come off the axillary artery in the third segment?

Answer 23

Subscapular artery (circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal), posterior circumflex humoral, anterior circumflex humoral

Question 24

What defines the parts of the axillary artery?

Answer 24

1st: from 1st rib to medial border of pec minor
2nd: behind pec minor
3rd: lateral border of pec minor to superior border of teres major

Question 25

Where does the axillary artery become the brachial artery?

Answer 25

At the inferior border of teres major

Question 26

What is the mneumonic to remember the branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 26

Screw the lawyer save a patient superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral

Question 27

What are the branches of the axillary artery?

Answer 27

superior thoracic, thoracoacromial, lateral thoracic, subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral

Question 28

What are the two main branches of the subscapular artery?

Answer 28

Circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal arteries

Question 29

Which muscles does the musculocutaneous nerve innervate?

Answer 29

Coracobrachialis, biceps brachii and brachialis

Question 30

What are the cords of the brachial plexus named in relation to?

Answer 30

The axillary artery

Question 31

What are the three cords of the brachial plexus?

Answer 31

Medial, posterior and lateral

Question 32

Which cord of the brachial plexus does the musculocutaneous nerve come from?

Answer 32

The lateral cord

Question 33

Which nerve pierces coracobrachialis?

Answer 33

The musculocutaneous nerve

Question 34

Which area of the skin does the musculocutaneous nerve supply?

Answer 34

The anterolateral forearm

Question 35

Which cords of the brachial plexus is the median nerve derived from?

Answer 35

The medial and lateral cords

Question 36

Which muscles does the median nerve supply?

Answer 36

The flexor muscles in the forearm (except flexor carpi ulnaris and ulnar head of flexor digitorum profundus), muscles of the thenar eminence and radial two lumbricals

Question 37

Which area of the skin does the median nerve supply?

Answer 37

Palm, lateral 3 and 1/2 digits

Question 38

Which cord of the brachial plexus forms the ulnar nerve?

Answer 38

The medial cord

Question 39

Which muscles does the ulnar nerve supply?`

Answer 39

Flexor carpi ulnaris, medial half of flexor digitorum profundus, intrinsic muscles of the hand except LOAF

Question 40

What does LOAF stand for?

Answer 40

Lateral two lumbricals, opponens pollicis, abductor pollicis brevis, flexor pollicis brevis

Question 41

What area of the skin does the ulnar nerve provide sensation to?

Answer 41

The medial 1 and 1/2 fingers, and the medial aspect of the dorsum of the hand

Question 42

Where does the lateral pectoral nerve arise from?

Answer 42

The lateral cord of the brachial plexus

Question 43

Where does the medial pectoral nerve arise from?

Answer 43

The medial and lateral cord of the brachial plexus

Question 44

What are the two terminal branches of the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

Answer 44

The axillary and radial nerves

Question 45

Which three smaller branches come off the posterior cord of the brachial plexus?

Answer 45

The upper and lower subscapular nerve and the thoracodorsal nerve

Question 46

Which three smaller branches come off the medial cord of the brachial plexus?

Answer 46

The medial pectoral nerve, medial brachiocutaneous and the medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve

Question 47

Which nerve is most likely to be injured by an injury to the glenohumeral joint?

Answer 47

The axillary nerve

Question 48

What muscles does the axillary nerve supply?

Answer 48

Deltoid, teres minor, lateral head of triceps brachii

Question 49

Which areas does the axillary nerve provide sensory innervation from?

Answer 49

The glenohumeral joint, skin over the deltoid region

Question 50

Which muscles does the radial nerve innervate?

Answer 50

Triceps brachii, anconeus, brachioradialis, and the muscles in the extensor compartment of the forearm

Question 51

Which area of skin does the radial nerve provide sensation to?

Answer 51

posterior arm and forearm, thenar eminence and dorsal aspect of the radial 3 and 1/2 digits

Question 52

Which muscle does the thoracodorsal nerve supply?

Answer 52

Latissimus dorsi

Question 53

Which muscle does the upper subscapular nerve innervate?

Answer 53

Subscapularis

Question 54

Which muscles does the lower subscapular nerve innervate?

Answer 54

Subscapularis and teres major

Question 55

Which nerve innervates teres minor?

Answer 55

The axillary nerve

Question 56

Which nerve innervates deltoid?

Answer 56

The axillary nerve

Question 57

What are the attachments of coracobrachialis?

Answer 57

O: coracoid process of the scapula I: Anteromedial surface of the humeral shaft

Question 58

What is the action of coracobrachialis?

Answer 58

Adduction and flexion of the arm at the shoulder joint

Question 59

What is the innervation to coracobrachialis?

Answer 59

Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 60

What are the attachments of brachialis?

Answer 60

O: Distal half of the anterior surface of the humerus I: coranoid process of the ulna, ulna tuberosity

Question 61

What is the action of brachialis?

Answer 61

Flexion of the forearm at the elbow joint

Question 62

What is the innervation to brachialis?

Answer 62

musculocutaneous (C5,6) and radial nerve (C7)

Question 63

Which muscle makes up the floor of the cubital fossa?

Answer 63

Brachialis

Question 64

What are the three muscles of the anterior compartment of the arm?

Answer 64

Biceps brachii, brachialis, coracobrachialis

Question 65

What are the origins of biceps brachii?

Answer 65

Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula Short head: coracoid process of the scapula

Question 66

What are the insertions of biceps brachii?

Answer 66

Radial tuberosity of the forearm and the deep fascia of the forearm

Question 67

Which nerve supplies biceps brachii?

Answer 67

Musculocutaneous

Question 68

What is the clinical significance of the bicipital aponeurosis?

Answer 68

It protects the brachial artery and median nerve in phlebotomy

Question 69

What is the bicipital aponeurosis?

Answer 69

A fibrous band from the inferior part of the biceps tendon running transversely across the ulna to merge with the deep fascia. attaches to radius

Question 70

What are the five main terminal branches of the brachial plexus?

Answer 70

Musculocutaneous, axillary, radial, median, ulnar nerve

Question 71

Which muscle does the musculocutaneous nerve pass through?

Answer 71

Coracobrachialis

Question 72

What is the path of the median nerve?

Answer 72

Down the anterior arm passing between the tendons of biceps brachii and brachialis, into the forearm passing between the heads of pronator teres and through the carpal tunnel

Question 73

What is the path of the ulnar nerve?

Answer 73

passes along the medial aspect of the arm, passing behind the medial epicondyle in the groove for ulnar nerve, it then moves into the ulnar side of the anterior compartment and into the hand

Question 74

What are the two main branches of the brachial artery?

Answer 74

The radial and ulnar arteries

Question 75

Where does the brachial artery bifurcate?

Answer 75

Just below the cubital fossa

Question 76

Where do the radial and ulnar collateral branches come off?

Answer 76

The brachial artery, they come off 1/3 down the humerus and anastamose with the radial and ulnar branches respectively

Question 77

What are the four main veins that drain the forearm?

Answer 77

Radial veins, ulnar veins, basilic and cephalic veins

Question 78

What is the vein that crosses the cubital fossa?

Answer 78

Median cubital vein

Question 79

What are the two main veins that drain the arm?

Answer 79

The basilic (bottom) and cephalic (most superior) veins

Question 80

What does the basilic vein drain into?

Answer 80

The axillary vein

Question 81

What does the cephalic vein drain into?

Answer 81

The axillary vein

Question 82

What are the nerve roots to biceps brachii?

Answer 82

C5, C6 - pick up sticks

Question 83

What are the nerve roots to deltoid?

Answer 83

C5,6

Question 84

What are the nerve roots to triceps?

Answer 84

C4,C5

Question 85

What are the nerve roots to hand muscles?

Answer 85

C8, T1

Question 86

Which ligament keeps the head of the radius connected to the radial notch of the ulna?

Answer 86

The annular ligament

Question 87

Which structure separates the ulnar artery from the median nerve?

Answer 87

Pronator teres

Question 88

What is the secondary function of biceps brachii?

Answer 88

Supinator

Question 89

What muscle is considered to be the initiator of abduction in the arm?

Answer 89

Supraspinatus