Apr9 M1-Intro to derm + derm ddx Flashcards
components of the integument to check on physical exam
- skin
- hair
- nails
- visible mucosa
- sweat glands
- vellus hair
- sebaceous glands
total body skin exam: how often?
- Hx of skin cancer = once a year
- no hx = once in middle age
- immunosuppressed or lot of beauty marks = regularly
if someone has a melanoma what’s more likely? A: they get a 2nd one B: their sibling gets a 1st one
B: that sibling gets a 1st one. so sibling should get ANNUAL EXAM
lichen planus areas of manifestations and how it looks
- buccal mucosa = thin white lines on inside cheek
- skin and mucosa
Wood’s light does what
light using UVA to see deep in skin and accentuate
dermoscopy does what
accentuate image
KOH testing for what
fungal culture
cytology for what
bacterial culture
patch test for what
allergy testing (done on the back) (dermato = for contact rxs only)
imaging in derm for what
cancer
tiny grouped vesicles dx + exact name of lesion
- basic herpes simplex
- vesiculobullous lesion
(EXAM) name of flat lesion <0.5 cm
macule
(EXAM) name of flat lesion >0.5 cm
patch
(EXAM) raised-basic flat lesion <0.5 cm name
papule
(EXAM) raised-basic flat lesion >0.5 cm name
plaque
(EXAM) name of lesion raised with depth somewhere along its surface + <0.5 cm in size
nodule (can be a cancer)
(EXAM) name of lesion raised with depth somewhere along its surface + >0.5 cm in size
tumor (can be a cancer)
(EXAM) name of lesion raised with fluid <0.5 cm
vesicle
(EXAM) name of lesion raised with fluid >0.5 cm
bulla
(EXAM) name of special raised lesions
urticaria, cyst, pustule
(EXAM) names given to certain surface changes
scale, crust
(EXAM) name of certain lesions of lack of substance (reverse of raised)
atrophy, erosion, ulcer
(EXAM) morphology details you can give about a derm lesion
- colour and distribution of colour
- shape (round, oval, polygonal, acriform, annular, serpiginous, anny word works)
- palpation (consistency, tenderness, temperature, mobility)
- grouping of the lesions
- distribution and location of the lesions
name of a raised lesion of less than 0.5 cm with a depression in its center
umbilicated papule
what happens after a while to vesicular lesions (like in herpes zoster or herpes simplex)
get hemorrhagic or pustular (secondary phenomenon)
what happens after a while to bullae
can rupture (have to recognize erosions that are ruptured bullae)
urticaria charact
- raised special lesion
- one lesion exists <24 hrs
- edema and erythema
cyst charact
- raised-special lesion
- fluid filled
- encapsulated
- lined by true epith
- NO sebaceous glands so NOT a sebaceous cyst
- dead skin cells inside
epidermoid cyst def
cyst with epith and epidermal cells covering it
pustule charact
- raised-special lesion
- not clear fluid, fluid is pus (neutrophils)
- can be neutrophils without necessarily infection, just inflam
scaling lesion charact
- desquamation of skin surface
- flaking from stratum corneum
crust lesion charact
- surface
- hardened deposit from serum blood or pus
- may be removable
atrophy lesion charact
-wasting of tissue or failure to form
-thinner and depressed
EXAMPLE = STRIAE
erosion lesion charact
- loss of all or part of epidermis (example in blistering disease or ruptured bullae)
- moist circumscribed depression
ulcer lesion charact
- loss of epidermis + all or part of the dermis + may be subcutaneous and reach the bone
- circumscribed depression
most important lesion to know about in hx
primary (earliest) lesion that appeared
papulosquamous lesion charact
- macule(s) or patch(es)
- may be a bit raised
- may be red, edematous
