approaches- social learning theory Flashcards
social theory assumptions
-new patterns of behaviour can be learned through indirect learning through observing behaviour of others
-Bandura also believed reinforcement could influence behaviour seeing others either rewarded or punished for behaviours is key
what is modelling
for social learning theory to take place behaviour needs to be learnt from a model these are either live models eg parents or symbolic eg celebrities. these models provide examples of behaviour to be learned
what is imitation
the action of using someone or something as a model and copying their behaviour
what is identification
the extent to which an individual relates to a model and feels he or she is similar to that person eg age or gender
vicarious reinforcement
watching others get rewarded or punished for their actions eg friend gets detention for hitting school mate
key study for SLT
Bandura
-72 children in 3 conditions: absense of model, aggressive and non- aggressive half boy and girls in each. then put in a room with toys they cant play with too increase aggression
-findings children able to learn social behaviour through observational learning to imitate models they identify with eg gender
-aim to test if new behaviours could be learned through observing the behaviour of others
the role of the mediational process
it is the internal mental processes that exist between environmental stimuli and the responce made by an individual to those stimuli
SLT evaluation APPLICATIONS
has real life applications in understanding criminal behaviour
eg Akers suggested that people who are exposed to models that encage in criminal behaviour are increasingly more likely to do also as they identify with the model and watch the positive consequence of their behaviour (vicarious reinforecment)
TMB supports aspects of SLT such as vicarious rainforecement
SLT evaluation INFLUENCES
-a problem of complaxity
disregards other potential influences of behaviour for example in explaining gender role behaviour SLT would emphasise importance of gender specific modelling in real life eg genetic predisposition, media portrayals or locus of control TMB difficult to suggest SLT is the main cause of influence of behaviour
B: jerry watches as his brother james is given sweets for cleaning their pet hamsters cage. The next day, Jerrys mum finds jerry cleaning out the hamster cage.
Expalin his behaviour in terms of learning theories - 3 marks
Jerry watches his brother receive positive reinforcement and is therefore learning through vicarious reinforcement. Jerry saw his brother being given sweets (a reward) for cleaning the pet hamster’s cage, which would make Jerry’s brother repeat this behaviour in the future to gain further rewards. In addition, Jerry is experiencing vicarious reinforcement, where he has observed his brother receiving positive reinforcement, which leads him to imitate this behaviour and explains why Jerry’s mum found Jerry cleaning the hamster cage.
draw the social theory theory
indirect learning through observation
box - observation —-> box mediational process (ARRM, vicarious reinforcement and identification) ——-> imitate
what is ARRM
meditational processes
for learning to take place a person must
A-attention - be paying attention
R-remember - remember what was seen
R-being capable to replicate eg have physical strength
M-motivation is the drive rewarding
SLT evaluation research support
research support for identification a key element of SLT
eg fox and bailenson found people more likely to encage over a 24 hour period with computer exercises if models looked similar to themselves
TMB -supports aspects of SLT such as identification which is the extent to which an individual relates to the model implying that identification may be valid therefore an aspect of SLT could be relied on
