APPROACHES - HUMANISTIC APPROACH Flashcards
What is the humanistic approach?
The belief that human beings are born with the desire to grow, create and to love, and have free will.
Define Self-actualisation
Rogers: The drive to realise one’s true potential
Maslow: The final stage of his hierarchy of needs
Define Free will
The ability to act at one’s own discretion, i.e. to choose how to behave without being influenced by external forces
Define Congruence
A state of congruence is achieved if there is a similarity between a person’s ideal self and their self-image
Difference = Incongruence
Define Conditions of Worth
Conditions imposed on an individual’s behaviour and development that are considered necessary to earn positive regard from significant others
Outline Maslow’s (1943) Hierarchy of Needs.
His hierarchy emphasises on what can go right with humans and the importance of person growth and fulfilment
- At the bottom are basic physiological needs (e.g. warmth, breathing, food, water)
- Then Safety (e.g. security of body, employment, resources, morality, family, health and property)
Love and Belonging (e.g. friendship, family, sexual intimacy)
- Esteem ( e.g. self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others)
- Self-actualisation (e.g. morality, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of fact)
What is Rogerian Therapy?
A type of therapy aiming to reduce the gap being between self-image and the ideal self. To increase congruence and eventually reach self-actualisation
Explain the influence of Humanistic psychology on counselling psychology.
- Rogers created person-centred therapy (Rogerian therapy)
- Humanistic therapists are meant to be ‘guides’ and ‘facilitators’ to help people understand themselves to enable their potential to reach self-actualisation
- They take a non-directive approach in a non-judgement environment
- Help dissolve clients conditions of worth
