APPK 1.7 - Circulatory system Flashcards
What is the main artery that leaves the heart?
Aorta
The __________ carries deoxygenated blood to the lungs & the _____________ carries newly oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart.
1) Pulmonary artery
2) Pulmonary veins
What are the names of the 4 chambers of the heart?
Left & Right atriums,
Left & Right ventricles
T/F: Superior & inferior vena cava returns deoxygenated blood from the body to the heart
True
T/F: Ventricles are the superiorly-located chambers of the heart & sits directly above the atriums.
False; Atriums are the superior chambers & ventricles are located directly inferior to them on either side of the septum.
What are the functions of the circulatory system? (3)
- Transportation; oxygen, hormones & nutrients TO body cells & carries AWAY waste (carbon dioxide)
- Regulation; body temperature w/ integumentary system
- Protection; clotting to prevent excessive blood loss & WBCs protect from disease
What are the 2 circuits of blood flow?
Pulmonary; re-oxygenation of blood via the lungs
Systemic; whole body, oxygenated blood flows OUT from the heart, deoxygenated blood RETURNS via vena cava/veins/venules.
Define: cardio
Heart/pertaining to heart
Define: peri
Around
Define: phleb
Veins
Define: scle/sclero
Hard/hardening
Define: thromb
Clot
Define: hemo/hemto
Blood
Define: vas/vaso
Vessel/duct
Blood is compromised of 2 main components; 55% ______ & 45% __________.
1) Plasma
2) Formed elements
Where are the formed elements of blood developed?
Red bone marrow
What are the formed elements of blood?
- Red blood cells (RBCs); carries oxygen to cells
- White blood cells (WBCs); immune response
- Platelets; clotting
What are the 5 types of blood vessels? Which one is the smallest & what is unique about them?
Arteries, Arterioles, Capillaries, Venules, Veins
Capillaries are the smallest & the site of the exchange of oxygen/nutrients/waste between body cells & blood.
What 2 types of blood vessels only function to PUMP oxygenated blood?
What 2 only function to RETURN deoxygenated blood to the heart?
1) Arteries & arterioles
2) Veins & venules
T/F: Capillaries are microscopic vessels that connect arterioles to venules & facilitate the exchange between the blood & body cells.
True!
Define: vasocostriction
Tightening of blood vessels (less blood flow)
Define: vasodilation
Widening of blood vessels (more blood flow)
What is the thick outer membrane that covers the heart?
Pericardium
T/F: The pacemaker determines the rate of the involuntary contractions of the heart (heart rate)
True
How is massage beneficial for the circulatory system?
- increase fluidity of connective tissue (breakdown adhesions)
- increase oxygen-carrying capacity of blood for a limited time post-massage
- increase local circulation (blushing of the skin)
- circulatory massage (swedish) can aid venous blood flow (return) towards the heart
Leukemia: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated; highly cautioned & should work w/ client healthcare team.
Varicose veins: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated, w/ local caution to only use light work over affected areas; systemically contraindicated if client is at risk for developing DVT
Atherosclerosis: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Contraindicated; caution for client’s that have an associated serious heart condition.
Heart attack: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated; caution to wait 3 months from attack before starting massage treatments, use light supportive work only.
