APPK 1.6 - Endocrine System Flashcards
Define: hormone
a chemical messenger
Define: hyper
over/above; excessive
Define: hypo
under/below; deficiency
What is an exocrine gland?
Secretes substances that enter ducts & ultimates EXIT the body (sweat, tears, mucus)
What is an endocrine gland?
Secretes substances that enter the interstitial fluid & STAY within the body (hormones)
T/F: the hormones secreted by the endocrine system circulate through the entire body but every hormone does not effect every cell.
True; hormones can only affect certain cells that have the corresponding receptors to that hormone.
T/F: The only hormones in the body are those that are responsible for growth & puberty.
False; there are over 50 different hormones that the body releases & they impact all areas/functions of the body not just growth!
What are the fundamental differences between the nervous system & the endocrine system?
Nervous = communicates w/ electrical impulses, responds very quickly to stimuli, creates quick LOCAL & SPECIFIC effects on an organ.
Endocrine = communicates w/ hormones, reacts slowly to stimuli, creates SLOW, LONG-LASTING & WIDESPREAD effects on many organs at once.
T/F: the nervous & endocrine system are the main control systems of the body and are central to how homeostasis is maintained in the body.
True
“Mastermind”
Hypothalamus
“Master gland”
Pituitary gland
What gland produces melatonin?
Pineal gland
What gland is located on the posterior neck & produces a hormone that increases calcium levels?
Parathyroid gland
What gland regulates metabolism?
Thyroid gland
What gland is essential to the creation of specialized immune T-cells?
Thymus gland
“Emergency gland”
Adrenal gland
What gland is posterior to the stomach & produces hormones that regulate blood sugar levels (gulcagon & insulin)?
Pancreas
What are the glands that produce sex hormones in males & females, respectively.
Male = testes; testosterone Female = ovaries; estrogen & progesterone
List 3 functions of the Endocrine system
- Body-wide communication & control of growth & development
- Body-wide communication & control of metabolism
- Homeostatic balance in the blood
What is the main benefit of massage to the endocrine system?
Bodywork can trigger the parasympathetic nervous system which allows balance to return to the endocrine system.
What massage modalities are associated with targeting the endocrine system?
Reflexology; manual pressure applied to “reflex” points on the feet & hands to stimulate change in a corresponding gland/organ.
&
Shiatsu; manipulation of points on a meridian that corresponds to organs & glands to effect change in the structure.
Diabetes mellitus: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated; caution to be mindful of insulin timing & neuropathy (loss of sensation)
Hyperthyroidism: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated; caution if the skin is damaged to avoid/cover compromised skin
Thyroid cancer: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Indicated; unless currently going through radioactive iodine therapy it becomes systemically contraindicated
Pancreatic cancer: indicated or contraindicated? Cautions?
Contraindicated (unless trained); caution if client comes in with undiagnosed nonspecific mid-back pain.
