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APC Mandatory - Sustainability Flashcards

Sustainability

1
Q

What is sustainability?

A

To meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs (Brudtland Report 1987)

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2
Q

What is sustainable development? What are the triple bottom line principles?

A

The triple bottom line (TBL) maintains that companies should commit to focusing as much on social and environmental concerns as they do on profits. TBL theory posits that instead of one bottom line, there should be three: profit, people, and the planet.

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3
Q

What does the NPPF say about sustainable development?

A

(Òmeeting the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generation to meet their own needsÓ), but also builds on this by explaining the three dimensions of sustainable development, i.e. economic, social and environmental, and the role of planning in delivering this.

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4
Q

Can you tell me about any Climate Change Conventions or Protocols you are aware of? What targets did one of these set?

A

The Kyoto Protocol operationalizes the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change by committingÊindustrialized countries and economies in transition to limit and reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) emissionsÊin accordance with agreed individual targets.

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5
Q

What are the most recent EU / UK targets relating to sustainability?

A

The 17 Sustainable Development Goals is an agreement to eradicate extreme poverty, fight inequality and injustice and leave no one behind.

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6
Q

What is the Paris Agreement?

A

TheÊParis AgreementÊis a legally binding international treaty on climate change

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7
Q

What was the Kyoto Protocol and what were its targets?

A

Kyoto targetÊof reducing theirÊgreenhouse gasÊemissions by an average of 5% against 1990 levels,ÊoverÊthe 2008-2012 period.

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8
Q

What are the 2020/2030/2050 EU targets?

A

Net emissions should fall to 45% of their 1990 levels by 2030, and to zero by 2050.

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9
Q

Explain your understanding of COP26.

A

COP26Êis the most recent annual UN climate change conference

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10
Q

What did the UK Climate Change Act 2008 do?

A

The Climate Change Act 2008 isÊthe basis for the UK’s approach to tackling and responding to climate change. It requires that emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases are reduced and that climate change risks are adapted to. The Act also establishes the framework to deliver on these requirements.

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11
Q

What are carbon budgets?

A

AÊcarbon budgetÊplaces a restriction on the total amount of greenhouse gases the UK can emit over a 5-year period.

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12
Q

What did the Infrastructure Act 2015 say about climate change?

A

Community rights to purchase stakes in large renewable energy projects. Underground access rights for shale gas and oil and geothermal energy. Shale gas fracking safeguards. New carbon offsetting regime: allowable solutions for zero carbon homes

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13
Q

What is the renewable heat incentive? How can buildings impact upon the environment?

A

The Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) is a government scheme launched back in 2014 designed to promote the use of renewables. The scheme offers payments for qualifying installations of renewable technology, paid back over a seven-year period.

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14
Q

Can you give me an example of a sustainable design feature?

A

Solar panels

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15
Q

Can you give me an example of an environmental assessment method for buildings?

A

BREEAM

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16
Q

Can you explain your understanding of the Minimum Energy Efficiency Standard (MEES) to me?

A

Minimum energy efficiency level for domestic private rented properties, set and enforced by the Government. This standard applies to all domestic private rented properties that are legally required to have an Energy Performance Certificate (EPC).

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17
Q

How does MEES impact upon your role?

A

Where a property does not meet the minimum energy efficiency standard, landlords must make energy efficiency improvements to raise the EPC rate to minimum E before they let the property.

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18
Q

What are the key dates for MEES?

A

Since 1 April 2018, landlords of domestic private rented properties covered by the regulations must not grant a tenancy to new or existing tenants if their property has an EPC rating of F or G.

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19
Q

What falls outside of MEES?

A

Listed buildings

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20
Q

Are there any exemptions from MEES? What are the penalties for non-compliance?

A

If a property canÕt be improved to EPC E for £3,500 or less, landlords should make all the improvements possible to that amount, then register an Ôall improvements madeÕ exemption. Penalties include fines upto £5000 for non compliance

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21
Q

What is an EPC?

A

Energy performance certificates are a rating scheme to summarise the energy efficiency of buildings

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22
Q

What buildings require an EPC?

A

Any building unit which is sold or rented out must have a valid EPC

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23
Q

When is an EPC required?

A

Êwhen a building is sold, rented or constructed

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24
Q

Which buildings are exempt from having an EPC?

A

Places of worship. Temporary Buildings. Listed Buildings.

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25
Q

When do you need to display an EPC?

A

Êwhen a building is sold, rented or constructed

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26
Q

What is included in an EPC?

A

EPC Rating, Date, Property, Measurement, Energy efficiency rating, improvments

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27
Q

How would you find an EPC?

A

Gov.UK register.

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28
Q

When are the penalties for not having an EPC?

A

A fine.

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29
Q

What is a DEC?

A

AÊDECÊshows the energy performance of a building based on actual energy consumption for the previous 12 months and must therefore be renewed annually

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30
Q

When is a DEC required?

A

ÊDEC must be providedÊfor a building with a total useful floor area of over 250 m2

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31
Q

What must accompany a DEC?

A

A DEC must be accompanied byÊan advisory reportÊand the owner of the building must have a valid one available.

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32
Q

What are the penalties for not having a DEC

A

A fine.

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33
Q

What is Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)?

A

The termÊcorporate social responsibilityÊ(CSR) refers to practices and policies undertaken by corporations intended to have a positive influence on the world.

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34
Q

What is BREEAM/RICS SKA/LEED/Passivhaus?

A

Enviromental Assessment Methods

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35
Q

What happened to the Code for Sustainable Homes?

A

Replaced by a new national technical standardsÊwhich comprise new additional optional Building Regulations regarding water and access as well as a new national space standard

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36
Q

What is the Climate Change Levy?

A

TheÊClimate Change LevyÊ(CCL) is a tax on energy delivered to non-domestic users in the United Kingdom.

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37
Q

What Building Regulation relates to energy efficiency?

A

Approved Document L: Conservation of fuel and power

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38
Q

Name one example of Government policy on energy efficiency for buildings?

A

Homes in England and Wales to achieve EPC Band C by 2035

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39
Q

What is ESOS?

A

ESOSÊis a mandatory energy assessment scheme for organisations in the UK that meet the qualification criteria.

40
Q

When was CRC abolished? What replaced it?

A

CRC Energy Efficiency Scheme (Revocation and Savings) Order 2018

41
Q

How did CCL rates change?

A

The Climate Change Levy is an environmental tax charged on the energy that businesses use. ItÕs designed to encourage businesses to be more energy efficient in how they operate, as well as helping to reduce their overall emissions.Ê

42
Q

What is the SECR regime? When was it introduced? For what type of company? Who is exempt? What are the requirements? What are the penalties for non-compliance?

A

The UK governmentÕs Streamlined Energy and Carbon Reporting (SECR) policy was implemented on 1 April 2019. Large companies. You are exempt if you are small or can provide evidence you have a low energy use. Fines are the penalties.

43
Q

What is a Memorandum of Understanding?

A

A memorandum of understanding is an agreement between two or more parties outlined in a formal document.

44
Q

What is a green lease?

A

A ‘green lease’ isÊa lease that incorporates clauses whereby the owner and the occupier undertake specific responsibilities/obligations with regards to the sustainable operation/occupation of a property

45
Q

What RICS guidance relates to sustainability?

A

Sustainability and commercial property valuation 2nd Edition

46
Q

How can an EPC impact upon value or use of a building?

A

Research published by Nationwide found theÊhouse price premium on a property with an energy performance certificate rating of A or B is just 1.7 per cent, compared to a D-rated home. Whilst properties with an F or G rating attract a discount of 3.5 per cent.

47
Q

How do you assess a buildingÕs sustainability characteristics?

A

ÊBy assessing the performance of social, environmental and economic principles.

48
Q

Tell me about sustainable design / construction considerations/materials. What improvable features would you be looking for and how do these relate to different property types/ages?

A

Energy-efficient design, insulation and ventilation e.g., air source heat, solar panels

49
Q

Tell me about how you would apply a sustainability matrix in your work.

A

Meetings, KPI, Energy efficiency.

50
Q

What is Off Site Manufacture (OSM)?

A

Offsite manufacture and modern methods of construction (MMC) can be defined asÊthe design, planning, manufacture and pre-assembly of construction elements or components in a factory environment, prior to installation on site at their intended, final location.

51
Q

Explain your understanding of the Green Deal to me.

A

TheÊGreen DealÊhelps you make energy-saving improvements to your home and to find the best way to pay for them.Ê

52
Q

How can building conservation relate to sustainability? What features would you recommend in this context?

A

The longer buildings can survive, the greater the contribution of their embodied energy to sustainability. E.g. Using materials which last and retofitting older buildings to improve energy efficiency.

53
Q

Tell me about RICS guidance on Life Cycle Costs.

A

Life Costing 1st Edition. This guidance note summarises what is meant by a lifecycle costing and whole life costing service for both new construction works and for the refurbishment of existing assets.

54
Q

What are the UN Sustainable Development Goals? How many are there? What is the target achievement date?

A

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or Global Goals are a collection of 17 interlinked global goals designed to be a “blueprint to achieve a better and more sustainable future for all”. The SDGs were set up in 2015 by the United Nations General Assembly (UN-GA) and are intended to be achieved by 2030.

55
Q

How are RICS working towards the SDGs?

A

RICS has been working with the United Nations Global Compact on identifying the most critical issues facing companies with a stake in land, real estate and construction in relation to the SDGs.

56
Q

What is the RICS Value the Planet campaign?

A

Value the Planet campaign promotes the preservation of the planet through the implementation of the UN’s sustainable development goals.

57
Q

How can the private sector work towards the SDGs?

A

The role of the private sector in achieving the SDGs and in sustainable development generally is defined by the ability of businesses and other organisations to be drivers of change. If a company decides to stop using single-use plastic, it will generate less waste and provide consumers with a sustainable choice.

58
Q

What is SUDS?

A

SUDS are drainage systems that are considered to be environmentally beneficial, causing minimal or no long-term detrimental damage

59
Q

What is net biodiversity gain?

A

An approach to development, and/or land management, that aims to leave the natural environment in a measurably better state than it was beforehand.

60
Q

What do each of ISO 14001 and 50001 relate to?

A

ISO 14001 helps you to systematically identify and manage all of your environmental impacts in the broadest sense, ISO 50001 specifies the energy management system (EnMS) requirements that an organisation has to develop and implement to form an energy policy.

61
Q

What is an Environmental Management System (EMS)?

A

An Environmental Management System (EMS) is a framework that helps an organization achieve its environmental goals through consistent review, evaluation, and improvement of its environmental performance.

62
Q

What is sustainable procurement?

A

Sustainable procurement is the act of adopting social, economic and environmental factors alongside the typical price and quality considerations into the organisations handling of procurement processes and procedures.

63
Q

What is social value?

A

Social value is the quantification of the relative importance that people place on the changes they experience in their lives

64
Q

What does the term whole life carbon mean?

A

Whole Life-Cycle Carbon (WLC) emissions are the carbon emissions resulting from the. construction and the use of a building over its entire life, including its demolition and disposal.

65
Q

What opportunities to decarbonise exist in the building life cycle?

A

In the design and construction phase.

66
Q

What is a post-occupancy evaluation?

A

Post-Occupancy Evaluation (POE) is the process of obtaining feedback on a building’s performance in use.

67
Q

What is an Environmental Impact Assessment and when would one be carried out?

A

EIA are designed to identify the potential risks of a project. They would usually be carried out at the start of a project.

68
Q

What methods of construction are more sustainable?

A

Solar panels/cladding, Green roofs, IOT’s

69
Q

What are Modern Methods of Construction?

A

Modern Methods of Construction significantly reduce that impact due to the offsite construction and assembly environment. The modular build process is therefore much more sustainable, leading to less material waste throughout the project. Less material waste means a lower carbon environmental impact on every project.

70
Q

What is PAS 2035?

A

PAS 2035 is a specification for what is called ‘whole-house’ or ‘whole building’ retrofit. This is an approach to the installation of energy efficiency measures (EEMs) which takes into account the requirement of the entire building, both from a technical standpoint and considering factors like occupancy comfort.

71
Q

When and why was the Green Grant scrapped?

A

Not effective scheme only 10% was achieved it was scrapped on the 31st March 2021

72
Q

What further changes are proposed to minimum energy standards relating to private residential property?

A

From 1 April 2025, it will be an offence to let, or continue to let, a property with an EPC rating of less than Band D, unless an exception or exemption applies.

73
Q

Explain your understanding of NABERS.

A

NABERS UK is a simple, reliable system for rating the energy efficiency of office buildings

74
Q

Explain the proposed changes under current Government consultation to MEES for non-domestic properties?

A

The White Paper on Energy Policy’s position with respect to renewable energy is based on the integrated resource planning criterion of: Ensuring that an equitable level of national resources is invested in renewable technologies, given their potential and compared to investments in other energy supply options.

75
Q

Explain how EPC reporting on the Government website has changed.

A

EPC’s are now virtual

76
Q

Explain the proposals under the Future Homes Standard and Future Buildings Standard.

A

The Future Homes and Buildings Standard is a set of standards that will complement the Building Regulations to ensure new homes built from 2025 will produce 75-80% less carbon emissions than homes delivered under current regulations

77
Q

Explain the proposals under the Government’s Net Zero Strategy and Heat & Buildings Strategy.

A

The Heat and Buildings Strategy is one of the decarbonisation strategies that the UK is planning in order to achieve Net Zero by 2050

78
Q

What is the Energy Company Obligation (ECO) scheme and what will it fund?

A

UK scheme which can help certain households access funding to make energy-efficient home improvements

79
Q

Explain a key theme discussed in the RICS and World Built Environment Forum Sustainability Report 2021.

A

Global Commercial Property and Construction Monitors

80
Q

What is the Smart Export Guarantee (SEG)?

A

The Smart Export Guarantee (SEG) encourages people to use renewable energy to power their homes.

81
Q

What is the Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR)?

A

The Sustainable Finance Disclosure Regulation (SFDR) is a European regulation introduced to improve transparency in the market for sustainable investment products, to prevent greenwashing and to increase transparency around sustainability claims made by financial market participants.

82
Q

What are the Taxonomy Regulations?

A

The Taxonomy Regulation establishes a classification system (or taxonomy) which provides businesses with a common language to identify whether or not a given economic activity should be considered “environmentally sustainable”.

83
Q

Explain your understanding of the B Corp certification.

A

B Corp Certification is a designation that a business is meeting high standards of verified performance, accountability, and transparency on factors from employee benefits and charitable giving to supply chain practices and input materials.

84
Q

What is BOPAS?

A

The Buildoffsite Property Assurance Scheme (BOPAS) is a risk based evaluation which demonstrates to funders, lenders, valuers and purchasers that homes built from non-traditional methods and materials will stand the test of time for at least 60 years.

85
Q

What is CEEQAL?

A

CEEQUAL is the world leading sustainability assessment, rating and awards scheme for civil engineering, infrastructure, landscaping and public realm projects.

86
Q

What changes is the Government making to the use of rebated diesel and biofuels? How will this affect the construction industry?

A

The government announced that it would remove the entitlement to use rebated diesel and biofuels from most sectors from April 2022 to help meet its climate change and air quality targets.

87
Q

Explain the key objectives of the Environment Act 2021.

A

The Environment Act 2021 aims to improve air and water quality, tackle waste, improve biodiversity and make other environmental improvements

88
Q

What is the role of the Office for Environmental Protection?

A

The Office for Environmental Protection (The OEP) is a new public body. They protect and improve the environment by holding government and other public authorities to account.

89
Q

What are Scope 1, 2 and 3 carbon emissions?

A

Scope 1 covers direct emissions from owned or controlled sources. Scope 2 covers indirect emissions from the generation of purchased electricity, steam, heating and cooling consumed by the reporting company. Scope 3 includes all other indirect emissions that occur in a company’s value chain

90
Q

What does Approved Document L relate to?

A

Conservation of fuel and power.

91
Q

What recent changes to the Building Regulations have been made to work towards the Future Homes and Buildings Standard in 2025?

A

Mandatory space for hot water storage. No more combi boilers. Significant improvements to insulation and airtightness.

92
Q

What does Approved Document relate to?

A

The ‘approved documents’ provide guidance for how the building regulations can be satisfied in common building situations.

93
Q

Why is the Government encouraging the use of electric vehicles?

A

Less pollution.

94
Q

What is the UN Race to Zero?

A

Race To Zero is a global campaign to rally leadership and support from businesses, cities, regions, investors for a healthy, resilient, zero carbon recovery that prevents future threats, creates decent jobs, and unlocks inclusive, sustainable growth.

95
Q

What is the World GBC Net Zero Carbon Buildings Commitment?

A

Reduce all operational and embodied carbon emissions within their portfolios by 2030, and to advocate for all buildings to be net zero whole life carbon by 2050.

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