AP world vocab chapter 18

Question 1

sepoys

Answer 1

troops serving the British East India Company; recruited mainly from various warlike peoples of India

Question 2

Mataram

Answer 2

kingdom that controller the interior regions of Java in the 1600s; Dutch East India Company paid tribute to the kingdom for rights of trade at Batavia

Question 3

British Raj

Answer 3

British political establishment in India; developed as a result of the rivalry between France and Britain in India

Question 4

Plassey

Answer 4

Battle in 1757 between troops of the British East India company and an Indian army under the ruler of Bengal; British victory marked the rise of British control over Northern India

Question 5

Robert Clive

Answer 5

Architect of British victory at Plassey in 1757; established the foundations of British Raj in Northern India (1700s)

Question 6

Presidencies

Answer 6

3 districts that made up the bulk of directly ruled British territories in India; capitals at Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay

Question 7

Princely States

Answer 7

Domains of Indian princes allied with the British Raj; agents of East India company were stationed at the rulers courts to ensure compliance;made up over one-third of the British Indian empire

Question 8

Nabobs

Answer 8

name given to British representatives of the East India company, went briefly to India to make fortunes through exploitation

Question 9

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Answer 9

Reformer of the East India Company administration of India in the 1790s; reduced power of local British administrators; checked widespread corruption

Question 10

Sati

Answer 10

Hindu practice of burning a widow on the funeral pyre of her deceased husband

Question 11

Ram Mohan Roy

Answer 11

Western educated Indian leader, early nineteenth century; cooperated with British to outlaw sati

Question 12

Isandlwana

Answer 12

Location of battle fought in 1879 between British and Zulu armies in South Africa; resulted in defeat of British; one of few victories of African forces over Western Europeans

Question 13

Tropical dependencies

Answer 13

colonies of substantial indigenous populations that were ruled by small European political and military minorities with the assistance of colonized bureaucrats, soldiers, clerks, and servants

Question 14

settlement colonies

Answer 14

areas, such as NA and Australia that were conquered by European invaders and settled by large numbers of European migrants who displaced indigenous inhabitants and made that land their permanent home

Question 15

white dominions

Answer 15

colonies in which european settlers made up majority of population; small numbers of natives reduced by diseases, wars, and conquest

Question 16

white racial supremacy

Answer 16

belief in inherent superiority of white

Question 17

natal

Answer 17

British colony in South Africa; developed after Boer trek north from Cape Colony; major commercial outpost at Durban

Question 18

Boer republics

Answer 18

Transvaal and orange free state in southern Africa; established to assert independence of Boers from British colonial government

Question 19

Cecil Rhodes

Answer 19

British entrepreneur in South Africa around 1900; manipulated political situation in South Africa to gain entry to resources of Boer republics

Question 20

Anglo - Boer War

Answer 20

Fought between 1899 and 1902 over independence of Boer republics; resulted in British victory, began process of decolonization for whites in SA

Question 21

Captain James Cook

Answer 21

Made voyages to Hawaii from 1777-1779 resulting in opening of islands to the West; convinced Kamehameha to establish unified kingdom in the islands