Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

AP HUG > AP HUG Unit 5 Reverse > Flashcards

AP HUG Unit 5 Reverse Flashcards

1
Q

hot dry summers, cool wet winters. always next to a sea

A

mediterranean climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

high temperatures year round. dry and wet season

A

tropical climate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

farmers work intensively on small pieces of land. almost all available land is used. occurs when land is scarce and expensive

A

intensive farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

foods that are in demand are grown and sold in large quantities. farms usually specialize in a few crops

A

market gardening/commercial gardening/truck farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

occurs when land is plentiful and cheap. usually livestock ranching, pastoral nomadism, shifting cultivation

A

extensive farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

people shift between fields. slash and burn, constant relocation. extensive.

A

shifting cultivation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

seasonal migration of livestock between areas

A

transhumance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

herding domesticated animals in dry, nonarable areas. people move with the animals

A

nomadic herding, pastoral nomadism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

grazing of aminals over large area for $

A

ranching

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

groups of houses clustered together

A

clustered land use pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

houses spread out

A

dispersed land use pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

houses arranged in a line facing a waterway or other transportation method

A

linear land use pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

used for plot boundaries that matched up with physical features like trees and streams.

A

metes and bounds rural survey pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

used for plot boundaries. gov’t divides land up into townships (6x6 mi). townships are divided into sections of 1sqmi each

A

township and range rural survey pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

land divided into long, narrow strips

A

long lot rural survey pattern

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

first time plants and animals were domesticated for farming purposes

A

1st AG revolution, neolithic revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

areas in which AG first originated. differs in crop production between places

A

hearths of domestication

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

trade of food, people, animals, tech between europe and western hemisphere

A

columbian exchange

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

advances in transportation, large scale irrigation, changes in comsumption patterns of agriculture

A

second AG revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

tech advances, land use and farming advances, AG practice changes

A

impacts of 2nd AG revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

advances in plant biology during the later half of the 20th century. mechanization, synthetic fertilizers, globally widespread food manufacturing

A

green revolution, 3rd AG revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

seeds that produce more in a growing season than wild varieties. often GMO

A

high yield seeds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

replacement of human labor with machines. led to more production, less need for labor intensive practices

A

mechanized farming

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

more global food production (less hunger, less death, more population). fertilizers and irrigation, which are good for environment in moderation

A

positive impacts of green revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

women mostly not given new tech, damaging their role in many societies. chemicals used to grow the food can be harmful for humans. reduces organic nutrients in the soil. unsustainable new farming methods. lots of pollution

A

negative impacts of green revolution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

farmers eat the food they grow. usually manual labor. found mostly in developing countries

A

subsistence AG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

farmers raise one crop and sell for profit. mainly in developed countries. designed with the intent to make as much $ as possible

A

commercial AG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

farmers raise the same cash crop on lots of land year after year

A

monocropping, monoculture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

land further away from market costs less. closer to market costs more

A

bid rent theory

30
Q

found mostly in developing countries. cannot compete with commercial farms bc lack of $ for machinery

A

family farms

31
Q

process of gathering resources, making them into products (commodities), transporting them to consumers

A

commodity chains

32
Q

cost advantages for a company when production becomes efficient

A

economies of scale

33
Q

areas used primarily for growing crops, raising animals, harvesting fish

A

agricultural sector

34
Q

number of crops/people an area can support

A

carrying capacity

35
Q

major factor in where each kind of production is located. farmers will locate where it’s most cost efficient

A

transportation costs

36
Q

urban area, city, market. where people live, work, and AG products are sold

A

market center in von thunen model

37
Q

horticulture (market gardening; fruits, vegetables, flowers), dairy farming

A

ring 1 in von thunen model

38
Q

forestry. von thunen model was developed before widespread use of coal, so this was in high demand.

A

ring 2 in von thunen model

39
Q

extensive grains and field crops. large scale farms.

A

ring 3 in von thunen model

40
Q

extensive ranching and grazing.

A

ring 4 in von thunen model

41
Q

as long as modern tech factors are taken into account, is still applicable to today.

A

benefits of von thunen model

42
Q

developed before widespread use of coal. did not take into account physical features, which alters where locations will be. could be multiple markets

A

limitations of von thunen model

43
Q

system of resources, transportation, consumer, etc. on a global scale

A

global supply chain

44
Q

trades/products exported by a country

A

export commodities

45
Q

transportation networks that allow food to stay cool and unspoiled throughout the trip

A

cool chains

46
Q

food distributed on a global scale. causes interdependence between countries

A

global food distribution

47
Q

overuse of chemical fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics

A

agricultural pollution

48
Q

loss of natural areas due to human impact or climate

A

land cover change

49
Q

land degradation (most commonly in dry areas). usually due to human impact or climate.

A

desertification

50
Q

too much salt in the soil (usually from excessive irrigation), which negatively affects plant growth

A

soil salinization

51
Q

conserving land by minimizing overgrazing, overuse of chemicals, etc

A

AG land conservation

52
Q

all plants are cut down and burned in an area. ash adds some nutrients and land is farmed until nutrients are depleted

A

slash and burn

53
Q

farmers build steps into a hill, which helps sustain crops and reduces soil erosion. can cause mudslides

A

terrace farming

54
Q

altering the path of natural waterways to serve agricultural needs

A

irrigation

55
Q

removal of lots of trees in a naturally forested area

A

deforestation

56
Q

water from naturally occurring wetlands drained for AG purposes

A

draining wetlands

57
Q

science of engineering/modifying living organisms. gmos, vaccines, antibiotics

A

biotechnology

58
Q

practice of raising and harvesting fish/other water living food

A

aquaculture

59
Q

accomplishing needs of the present without hindering future populations

A

sustainability

60
Q

growing food in a city or heavily populated town

A

urban farming

61
Q

local farmers sell shares of their crop to those contracted to buy throughout the year

A

community supported agriculture

62
Q

farming that does not use chemical substances

A

organic agriculture

63
Q

products are manufactured to add value, ex. wheat to flour

A

value added specialty crops

64
Q

movement to support growers of food instead of the corporations that manage the trade

A

fair trade

65
Q

crops nonessential to survival but have a high profit margin (worth a lot of $) ex. cacao

A

luxury crops

66
Q

when one does not have access to safe, healthy food

A

food insecurity

67
Q

an area with limited access to affordable and nutritious food

A

food deserts

68
Q

concentrated animal feeding operations. goal to make animals gain fat before they’re killed

A

CAFO

69
Q

waste from feedlots can pollute the air and water supply

A

animal waste

70
Q

roads, bridges, tunnels, ports, electrical grids, sewers, telecommunications, etc

A

distribution systems

71
Q

public support to farmers ensuring they have dependable low cost food. ex. subsidies

A

gov’t policies related to agriculture

72
Q

if women were giving the same AG opportunities as men, there would be a lot more food

A

women and agriculture

AP HUG (14 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions