AP Biology Chapters 1-3*** Flashcards
what is the core theme of biology?
evolution
what is the core theme of biology?
evolution
what are the central activities of biology?
posing questions about the living world and seeking science based answers…scientific inquiry
what are the central activities of biology?
posing questions about the living world and seeking science based answers…scientific inquiry
what is reductionism?
the approach of reducing complex systems to simpler components that are more manageable to study
what is a system?
a combo of components that function together
when a tree absorbs light from the sun to take in carbon dioxide and then releases air this is an example of what? (hint: its a theme in bio)
organisms interacting with other organisms and the physical environment
What is a bad example of human’s interaction with the environment?
the burning of fossil fuels which releases gaseous compounds into the atmosphere, including large amounts of CO2
when trees absorb light to make life possible this is an example of what? (hint: one of the themes of bio)
Life requiring energy transfer and transformation…the use of energy to carry out life’s activities
what is sugar (or energy) used for in an animals cells?
-used as fuel to convert chemical energy to kinetic energy such as movements of animals
Form fits function…what theme in bio does this show?
structure and function are correlated at all levels of biological organization..knowing the function of something provides insight into its construction
the activities of organisms of organisms are all based on the activities of cell…this shows which bio theme?
The cell is an organism’s Basic Unit of structure and function
what are some characteristics that all cells share
- every cell is enclosed by a membrane that regulates the passage of materials between the cell and its surroundings
- every cell uses DNA as its genetic info
what is the largest organelle in the eukaryotic cell?
the other organelles are located where?
which are simpler..eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
- nucleus
- cytoplasm
- prokaryotic
When cells utilize DNA to grow and repair other cells it shows which theme in Bio?
The continuity of life is based on heritable info in the form of DNA
explain what is in a chromosome?
one very long DNA molecule with hundreds or thousands of genes arranged along its length..genes encode info necessary to build other molecules in the cell, MOST NOTABLY PROTEINS
What do proteins do?
carry out cellular work
what does DNA provide for proteins?
it provides the blueprint for making proteins and proteins carry out cell’s work
what are the 3 domains?
bacteria, archaea, and eukarya
which of the 3 domains have prokaryotic cells?
archaea and bacteria
What did Charles Darwin come up with and explain this idea.
Natural selection- individuals with inherited traits are best suited to the local environment are more likely to survive and reproduce than less suited individuals
organisms are composed of….
matter is made up of ….
- matter
2. elements
how many elements?
92
of the complete list of elements what percent of them are essential elements?
20-25%
do all organisms need the same type and amount of essential organisms?
no it varies from organisms
what four elements make up living matter?
oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
what are the subatomic particles?
electrons, neutrons, protons
the neutron and proton each have a mass of….
1 Dalton
for isotopes do they have different number of protons or neutrons?
neutrons! PROTONS STAY THE SAME!
what is a stable isotope?
their nuclei do not have a tendency to lose particles
what is radioactive isotopes useful for?
bio research, diagnostic tools for medicine, PET scanners, etc
what is half life?
time for 50% of an isotope to decay
what are radioactive tracers?
diagnostic tools for medicine..isotopes of P, N, and H used to determine DNA structure
true or false: atoms are mostly empty space?
true
true or false: matter has a natural tendency to move to the lowest possible state of potential energy
true
true or false: the less distance an electron is from the nucleus, the greater the potential energy
FALSE…the more distance an electron is from the nucleus, the greater the potential energy