Anxiolytics Flashcards

1
Q

Define TAG

A

Excessive anxiety/inquietude, constant, present during most days of a (over or equal to) 6 months period, difficult to control, accompanied by (over or equal to) 3 symptoms of the following : fatigue, irritability, agitation, lack of concentration, sleeping issues, muscular contraction.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Distinction between TAG and Phobie specifique ?

A

La phobie specifique est une crainte marquée &persistante à l’egard des situations/objets clairement DISCERNABLES. L’exposition provoque une attaque de panique qui est SOUVENT anticipée.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Particularity of Trouble de paniques ?

A

Ce sont de attaques de panique recurrentes, spntanées &surviennet en dehors de tout contexte de danger/effort physique.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Agoraphobie is an anxiety/fear characterized of (at least) 2 of 5 defined criteria, which are ?

A
Public transportation;
Open spaces;
Closed spaces;
Crowded places/Long waiting lines;
Being out of the house.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

How are agoraphobie &phobie specifique different ?

A

agoraphobie is the fear of not being able to find help. Person is not afraid of place/situation/object itself, but of all possible scenarios that could arrive while there.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Mutisme selectif ?

A

Impossibilité/difficulte de prendre la parole dans des siuations particulieres. Rare, se manifest beaucoup plus à l’enfance.
La phobie sociale est decrite par la crainte constante d’etre rediculé, de ne pas etre a l’hauteur. Ce peur est en rapport avec le “autre”.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are non-pharmacological treatments prescribed to a patient with anxiety disorder ?

A

Psychoeducation, psychotherapie, methodes de gestion de stress, meditation. Cependant, ils n’ont pas vraiment prouvé d’efficacité à l’opposition de la TCC qui s’avere, dans certaines situations, de meme efficacité qu’un traitement pharmacolo gique prescrit.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Which antidepressant is most privileged in treating anxiety disorders ?
The approach of its introduction to patient ?

A

IRSS
La dose initiale devrait etre poursuivie pendant 4 à 6 semaines (known of their delayed onset), si le patient presente une reponse partielle, augmenter la dose tout les 1-2 semaines.
Si les 4 semains s’ecoulent sans que l’etat anxieux du patient est amelioré, arreter-le progressivement &essayer un autre IRSS selon le meme approche.
80% des patient repondent à au moins un IRSS.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Particularities of IRSS ?

A

Faisant partie des AD, privilgiés pour l’absence de risque de dependance. Cependant, ils ont l’entrée en action retardée (up to 2-5 weeks, voire plus) &ils causent un syndrome de sevrage (while they do not provoke dependency).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

AEs of IRSS ?

A

At start of treatment : Agitation &nervosité, trouble gastro-intestinaux, augmentation de l’anxiete &trouble de sommeil. (while for most patients, nausea, abdominal pain &diarrhea, &sleep disturbance are originally a problem)
Of long term : Dysfonctionnement sexuelle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Name a few SSRI ?

A

Citalopram, Escitalopram, Fluoxetine, Paroxetine, Sertraline.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What proposed association to compensate delay of onset &adjust AEs ?

A

Association aux BZDs, comme ils presentent un effet immediat.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

IRSN, partiularities &specific AEs ? Venlafaxine

A

Effets pharmacologiques semblables au ADT avec moins d’EIs. Inhibant la recapture des deux neurotransmetteurs, ils presentent plus d’EIs que les IRSS.
Nausées, mal de tete, dysfnx sexuelle, etourdissement, insomnies, sedation &constipation. Aux DOSES ELEVEES; ils augments la TA &la Fc. They are of second choice treatment, specifically due to TA problems.
En switchant d’un IMAO vers un IRSS/IRSN, respecter la periode de wash-out de 5 demi-vies des IMAOs : 15jours.
En cas de passage inverse : 7jours.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Less tolerated class amongst AD family, particularity &AEs ?

A

ADT; inhibants la recapture des amines biogenes au niveau pre-synaptique.
Effets anticholinergiques, adrenolytiques, antihistaminiques &sedatifs. Aux DOSES ELEVEES: toxicité caridiaque mortel : BAV.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

BZDs, particularities, effects, treatment duration, benefits &disadvantages in comparison to ADs.

A

Immediat action &dependency risk (notion of pase Substance Use Disorder)
Anxiolytique, sedatif, hypnotique, myorelaxant, amnesiant, orexigene.
N’induisent pas de nervosité &agitaion; prescrits pendant 3-4 semaines pour combler au delait d’action des AD / pour attenuer les etats d’anxiete &nervosité accompagnant la mise en route d’un traitment par AD.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Other classes used in anxiety disorders treatment ?

A

Agoniste 5-HT1A : Azaspirones
Hydroxizine
Anti-epileptiques : Pregabaline (yes, it’s Lyrica commonly 3and li y’drogou)

17
Q

Buspirone ?

A

Agoniste des recepteurs 5HT1A pre &spotsynaptique.
Antagoniste D2
Delai d’action de 10-14 jours.
Preuve d’efficacité dans TAG (no proof in treatment of other anxiety disorders)
Depourvu d’effet sedatif, myorelaxant, amnesiant &de risque de dependance. AEs of sensation vertigineuses

18
Q

Pregabaline ?

A

TAG &phobie sociale. a BZD alternative. Also, used as adjunctive along to AD.

19
Q

When a depression/other anxiety disorders are associated to TAG, what treatment has proven its efficacy ?

A
les ADs (IRSS + TCC)
BZD, Buspirone, Hydroxizine &Pregabaline have no efficacy over the situation.
20
Q

If patient present CI to IRSS or is unable to tolerate their AEs, what approach to proceed ?

A

absence d’ATD d’abus de substances : BZD faible dose ( Lorazepam 1-2 mg/jour en franctionnant la dose) est ajoutée comme traitement adjuvant pendant 2-4 semains puis arretée progressivemnt.
ATD d’abus de substance : Hydroxizine ou Pregabaline.

21
Q

What treatment to favor in case of active/past alcohol use disorder or SUD when IRSS fails ?

A

C’est deja une CI de presrire des BZD.

Associate adjunctive treatments, gabapentine, pregabaline, hyroxizine, mirtazapine.