Anxiety Disorders Flashcards
A negative mood state characterized by bodily symptoms of physical tension and by apprehension about the future.
Anxiety
When is anxiety good for us? Psychologists have known for over a century that we perform better when we have this kind of anxiety.
Moderate amount/little
He called anxiety as the “shadow of intelligence”. He thought the human ability to plan some detail for the future was connected to that gnawing feeling that things could go wrong and we had better be prepared for them.
Howard Liddell
It is an immediate alarm reaction to danger.
Fear
The emergency reaction is often called the __.
flight or fight response
An abrupt experience of intense fear or acute discomfort, accompanied by physical symptoms that usually include heart palpitations, chest pain, shortness of breath and possibly, dizziness.
Panic
What are the 2 types of panic attacks?
Expected (cued) panic attack
Unexpected (uncued) panic attack
More common type of panic attacks in specific phobias or social phobias.
Expected (cued) panic attacks
If the person does not have a clue when or where the next attack will occur. This type of panic attack is important in panic disorder.
Unexpected (uncued) panic attack
The DSM-5 criteria specify that atleast how long of excessive anxiety and worry must be ongoing more days than not to be diagnosed as Generalized Anxiety Disorder?
6 months
What are some physical characteristics of GAD?
Muscle tension, mental agitation, and susceptibility to fatigue, some irritability, difficulty sleeping.
What do people with GAD mostly worry about?
Minor, everyday life events.
How many physical symptoms are required for a diagnosis of GAD in children?
1
Older adults with GAD tend to focus on worrying about what?
Health
Individuals experience severe, unexpected panic attacks. They may think that they are dying or otherwise losing control.
Panic Disorder
In many cases, what closely related disorder accompanies panic disorder?
Agoraphobia
Fear and avoidance of situations in which a person feels unsafe or unable to escape to get home or to a hospital in the event of developing panic symptoms or other physical symptoms.
Agoraphobia
The term agoraphobia was coined in 1871 by a German physician whose name is?
Karl Westphal
It is a Greek word which means market place, or a busy bustling area.
Agora
Panic disorder and agoraphobia were integrated into one disorder, called what?
Panic Disorder with Agoraphobia
How can anxiety be diminished for individuals with agoraphobia?
If they think a location or a person is safe.
What are some ways to cope with unexpected panic attacks for individuals with panic disorder and agoraphobia?
Agoraphobic avoidance
Using drugs or alcohol
Endure with intense dread
Avoidance of internal physical sensations that most patients with agoraphobic avoidance and panic disorder display. These behaviors involve removing oneself from situations or activities that might produce physiological arousal that somehow resembles the beginning of a panic attack.
Interoceptive avoidance
Irrational fear of a specific subject or situation that markedly interferes with an individual’s ability to function.
Specific Phobia
What was the former name of Specific Phobia in the earlier versions of the DSM?
Simple Phobia
Those with blood-injection-injury phobia almost always differ in _ from other people with other types of phobia.
Physiological reaction
The specific phobia that runs in families more strongly than any phobic disorder.
Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia
People with this phobia inherit a strong vasovagal response which causes a drop in blood pressure and a tendency to faint.
Blood-injection-Injury Phobia
What is the average onset of blood-injection-injury phobia?
9 years
Phobia characterized by fear of public transportation or enclosed places.
Situational Phobia
When do Situational Phobia, panic disorder and agoraphobia tend to emerge?
Mid teens to mid-20s
The extent to which panic disorder, agoraphobia and situational phobias run in families is similar with approximately _ (percentage) of first-degree relations having the same or similar phobia.
30%
What is the main difference between situational phobia and panic disorder?
Situational Phobia never experiences panic attacks outside the context of their phobic object or situation.
Panic disorder might experience unexpected, uncued panic attacks at any time.
These fears seem to cluster together. If you fear one situation or event, you are likely to fear another. Many of these situations have some danger associated with them and mild to moderate fear can be adaptive.
Natural Environment Phobia
Natural Environment Phobia have a peak age of onset of about _ and have to be persistent, lasting atleast _.
7 years
6 months
What is the peak age of onset for animal phobias?
7 years
Separation anxiety Disorder is identified more closely with _?
Children
Characterized by children’s unrealistic and persistent worry that something will happen to their parents or other important people in their life or that something will happen to the children themselves that will separate them from their parents.
Separation Anxiety Disorder
It was discovered that separation anxiety, if untreated, can extend into _ in approximately 35% of cases.
Adulthood
What activities did the researchers explore in dealing with separation anxiety disorder?
Real time coaching of parents
Intensive 1 week program for girls aged 8-11; sleepover at the clinic on the final day of treatment.
Fear that is closely focused on something specific to the school situation.
School Phobia
An experience of marked fear or anxiety focused on one or more social or performance situations.
Social Anxiety Disorder (Social Phobia)
A subtype of social anxiety disorder, usually have no difficulty with social interaction but when they must do something specific in front of people, anxiety takes over and they focus on the possibility that they will embarrass themselves.
Performance anxiety
The most common type of performance anxiety.
Public speaking
Anxiety provoking physical reactions include blushing, sweating, trembling or for males, __.
Urinating in a public restroom
A rare childhood disorder characterized by a lack of speech in one or more settings in which speaking is socially expected. It is driven by social anxiety and the failure to speak is not because of a lack of knowledge of speech or any physical difficulties nor it is due to another disorder.
Selective Mutism
In selective mutism, the lack of speech must occur fore more than _ and cannot be limited to the first month of school.
1 month
Treatment for selective mutism
Cognitive Behavioral principles for social anxiety, with emphasis on speech.
