Antiviral

Question 1

Amantadine

Answer 1

Blocks uncoating via M2
Only Influenza A
excreted in urine
CNS effects

Question 2

Oseltamivir

Answer 2

prodrug- inhibit neuraminidase

Treat influenza A and B

Question 3

Trifluridine

Answer 3

Interferes with DNA synthesis; Thymidine analog

Opthalamic tx of Herpes simplez 1 and 2

Question 4

Acyclovir

Answer 4

infected cells phosphorylate (thymidine kinase) drug and activate it (terminates elongation)
competitive inhibitor of dGTP
IV-systemic Herpes simplex
Oral- genital herpes
topical- genital herpes
Chickenpox
Well tolerated

Question 5

Famciclovir

Answer 5

Converted to penciclovir. infected cells phosphorylate (thymidine kinase) drug and activate it
inhibit DNA poly
tx- Acute herpes zoster, recurrent genital herpes
better absorption and less frequent dosing than Acyclovir

Question 6

Penciclovir

Answer 6

infected cells phosphorylate (thymidine kinase) drug and activate it. inhibit DNA poly
tx- herpes on lips and face

Question 7

Ganciclovir

Answer 7

infected cells phosphorylate (CMV protien kinase) drug and activate it
tx- CMV retinitis, prophylaxis in transplants
side effect- bone marrow suppression

Question 8

Foscarnet

Answer 8

Inhibit CMV DNA poly
NO activation via phosphorylation
Tx- CMV and acyclovir resistant herpes
side effect- renal damage, electrolyte imbalance, Seizures

Question 9

Lamivudine

Answer 9

Nucleoside analog inhibitor of reverse transcriptase of Hepatitis B DNA poly
tx- Hepatitis B and HIV
GI symptoms
synergistic with AZT

Question 10

Tenofovir

Answer 10

adenosine monophosphate analog-inhibitor of reverse transcriptase of Hepatitis B DNA poly dATP
Tx- Hepatitis B and HIV
GI symptoms

Question 11

Ribavirin

Answer 11

interferes with mRNA synthesis- GTP capping and GTP synthesis
aerosol for respiratory virus
tx- Hepatitis C with interferon alpha
Side effect- aerosol- clog equipment and deteriorate pulmonary fxn
IV- anemia and bone marrow suppression

Question 12

Interferon

Answer 12

tx- Hepatitis B and C, Condyloma acuminata (warts)

Side effect- flu like symptoms. leukopenia, bone marrow suppression

Question 13

Boceprevir

Answer 13

inhibit Hepatitis C protease- block infectious virus particles
inhibit CYP3A

Question 14

Zidovudine

Answer 14

Thymidine nucleoside analog
phosphorlyated by cellular kinase
inhibit reverse trascriptase
Tx- HIV
Side effect- Bone marrow suppression

Question 15

Emtricitabine

Answer 15

Flourinated analog of 3TC inhibiting RT compete with dCTP

Tx-HIV

Question 16

Abacavir

Answer 16

dGTP analog, inhibit RT
tx-HIV
HYPERSENSITIVITY
lactic acidosis
hepatic steatosis

Question 17

Efavirenz

Answer 17

Non-nucleoside inhibitor of RT
NO phosphorylation for activity
Tx- HIV
side effect- CNS- psychiatric symptoms, nightmares

Question 18

Lopinavir

Answer 18

prevent protease from cleaving Gag-pol peptides into functinoal proteins-non infectious particles
competative inhibitor
Side effect- diabetes, fat distribution, CYP3A inhibitor
diarrhea

Question 19

Ritonavir

Answer 19

prevent protease from cleaving Gag-pol peptides into functinoal proteins-non infectious particles
competative inhibitor
Side effect- CYP3A inhibitor

Question 20

Enfuvirtide

Answer 20

inhibit fusion of HIV-1 and CD4s
effective against HIV-1
side effect- diarrhea and rxn at injection site

Question 21

Maraviroc

Answer 21

CCR5 antagonsits
blocks co-receptor for HIV entry
side effect-hepatotoxicity

Question 22

Raltegravir

Answer 22

inhibit HIV-1 integrase

prevents DNA from entering genome