Antiparasitic Flashcards

1
Q

Mebebdazole

A
damage cytoplasmic mirotubules
immobilizes and kills parasite
Tx- intestinal round worms
kills some Ova
low systemic bioavalibility=low systemic toxicity
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2
Q

Albendazole

A

damage cytoplasmic mirotubules
immobilizes and kills parasite
Converted to Albendazole sulfoxide which is active systemicly
Tx- Echinococcus and Taenia Solium
neurocysticercosis
effective for cutaneous larval migrans
Side effect- elevate hepatic enzymes, abdominal pain

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3
Q

Thiabendazole

A

inhibit mitochondial fumarate reductase (energy)
Tx- hookworms and strongyloidiasis, cutaneous larva migrans
rapid absorption

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4
Q

Pyrantel Pamoate

A
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker
Spastic paralysis of worm
tx- hookworm, pinworm, round worm
NOT whipworm
Side effect- GI
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5
Q

Paromomycin Sulfate

A
aminoglycoside-like
inhibit protein synthesis
Tx- Cestodes and luminal amebicide
GI side effects
Crypto in AIDS
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6
Q

Chloroquine

A
Blood Schizonticide
Ion trapping
inhibits heme polymerization
Prevent all 4 species of Malaria
eradicate P.malariae and P.falciparum
Side effect-visual impairment
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7
Q

Mefloquine

A

Blood Schizonticide
Tx- Chloroquine resistant P.falciparum
side effects- psychiatric effect, paranoia, depression, dizziness
Contraindicated in those with epilepsy

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8
Q

Atovaquone and Proguanil

A

atovaquone- inhibit mitochondia electron transport, disrupt pyrimidine synthesis
Proguanil- inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, pyrimidine synthesis
tx- chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum

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9
Q

Quinine

A

Blood Schitzoticide all 4 malarial parasites
Acute Attacks
Tx- chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum
Side effects- GI, Cardiac, Headache, visual disturbance

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10
Q

Doxycycline

A

decrease malarial protein synthesis

tx- resistant P.falciparum

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11
Q

Primaquine

A
mechanism not known
kill liver dormant P.Vivax and P. ovale
used with blood schizonticide
tx- Pneumocystis jiroveci in AIDS
Side effect- hemolytic rxn in G6PD deficiency
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12
Q

Metronidazole

A

amebicide for E. Histo
Giardia lamblia
Trichomonas vaginalis

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13
Q

Iodoquone

A

luminal amebicide
tx-E.Histo
Contraindicated in Iodine allergies
GI side effects

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14
Q

Atovaquone

A

inhibit protozoal mitochondia electron transport
tx- Pneumocystis in AIDS in TMP/SMX intolerant
GI symptoms

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15
Q

Nitazoxanide

A

inhibit pyruvate:ferredozin oxidoreductase for anaerobic

tx- Giardia lamblia, Crypto

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16
Q

Praziquantel

A

increase Ca permiability- muscle contraction

Tx- Schistosoma, trematodes, cestodes, Taenia solium (prevent neurocysticercosis)