Antiparasitic Flashcards
Mebebdazole
damage cytoplasmic mirotubules immobilizes and kills parasite Tx- intestinal round worms kills some Ova low systemic bioavalibility=low systemic toxicity
Albendazole
damage cytoplasmic mirotubules
immobilizes and kills parasite
Converted to Albendazole sulfoxide which is active systemicly
Tx- Echinococcus and Taenia Solium
neurocysticercosis
effective for cutaneous larval migrans
Side effect- elevate hepatic enzymes, abdominal pain
Thiabendazole
inhibit mitochondial fumarate reductase (energy)
Tx- hookworms and strongyloidiasis, cutaneous larva migrans
rapid absorption
Pyrantel Pamoate
depolarizing neuromuscular blocker Spastic paralysis of worm tx- hookworm, pinworm, round worm NOT whipworm Side effect- GI
Paromomycin Sulfate
aminoglycoside-like inhibit protein synthesis Tx- Cestodes and luminal amebicide GI side effects Crypto in AIDS
Chloroquine
Blood Schizonticide Ion trapping inhibits heme polymerization Prevent all 4 species of Malaria eradicate P.malariae and P.falciparum Side effect-visual impairment
Mefloquine
Blood Schizonticide
Tx- Chloroquine resistant P.falciparum
side effects- psychiatric effect, paranoia, depression, dizziness
Contraindicated in those with epilepsy
Atovaquone and Proguanil
atovaquone- inhibit mitochondia electron transport, disrupt pyrimidine synthesis
Proguanil- inhibit dihydrofolate reductase, pyrimidine synthesis
tx- chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum
Quinine
Blood Schitzoticide all 4 malarial parasites
Acute Attacks
Tx- chloroquine-resistant P.falciparum
Side effects- GI, Cardiac, Headache, visual disturbance
Doxycycline
decrease malarial protein synthesis
tx- resistant P.falciparum
Primaquine
mechanism not known kill liver dormant P.Vivax and P. ovale used with blood schizonticide tx- Pneumocystis jiroveci in AIDS Side effect- hemolytic rxn in G6PD deficiency
Metronidazole
amebicide for E. Histo
Giardia lamblia
Trichomonas vaginalis
Iodoquone
luminal amebicide
tx-E.Histo
Contraindicated in Iodine allergies
GI side effects
Atovaquone
inhibit protozoal mitochondia electron transport
tx- Pneumocystis in AIDS in TMP/SMX intolerant
GI symptoms
Nitazoxanide
inhibit pyruvate:ferredozin oxidoreductase for anaerobic
tx- Giardia lamblia, Crypto