antipsychotics

Question 1

tuberohypophyseal pathway

Answer 1

short DA projections from the
hypothalamus to pituitary
regulates prolactin release

dopamine inhibits the secretion of prolactin from pit

Question 2

dopamine antagonists MOA

Answer 2

block D2 receptors

take a while to work

Question 3

CHLORPROMAZINE

classical antipsychotic

Answer 3

more likely to cause anti-muscarinic effects

but less EPS

Question 4

HALOPERIDOL

classical antipsychotic

Answer 4

No anti-cholinergic effects

but more likely to cause EPS

Question 5

classical antipsychotics side effects

Answer 5

extra-pyramidal effects (drug-induced Parkinsonism- from unwanted effects on nigrostriatal pathway), gynaecomastia/amenorrhoea (from unwanted effects on tubero-hypophyseal pathway. dopamine blocks prolactin release hence less dopamine working=increased prolactin), 
sedation (H1 blockade), 
postural hypotension (a1 blockade), 
dry mouth/blurred vision/constipation (M blockade), weight gain (5H2TC blockade)

classical-Good for positive symptoms only

Question 6

clozapine

Answer 6

atypical antipsychotic

has all side effects like chlorpromazine
but also lots of bad blood effects

also blocks 5HT2A receptor=less extra-pyramidal effects and hyperprolactinaemia

Good for both positive and negative symptoms