Antipsychotics Flashcards
This term is referred to drugs used to treat schizophrenia.
Antipsychotic
This term refers to the behavioral effects of the drugs in experiments.
Neuroleptic
Antipsychotics alleviate psychotic symptoms without?
depressing most other intellectual functions
Chlorpromazine and other first generation drugs have a great effect against?
Positive symptoms (delusion, hallucinations, thought disorders)
How long does it take for the apparent benefits to be seen?
2-4 weeks, tolerance does not usually develop
Which drug can desensitize the chemorecepetor trigger zone, and be used as an antiemetic?
prochlorperazine
This results in bizarre muscle spams, facial grimacing, twitching during early onset of therapy. Treatment is?
acute dystonia
trihexiphenydyl
Compelling need to be in motion, fidgeting, pacing during early onset of therapy. Treatment is?
Akathisia
propranolol, BZD
Tremor and muscular rigidity. Treatment is?
Parkinsonism
Trihexiphenydyl
Stupor, severe rigidity, hyperthermia. Treatment is?
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Massive release of Ca from sarcoplasmic reticulum.
Dantrolen or bromocryptine
Involuntary movements such as sucking lips, jaw movements, protrusion of tongue. Treatment is?
Tardive dyskinesia.
Suppression more antipsychotics.
What drugs can make tardive dyskinesia worse?
anticholinergics
Traditional antipsychotics are thought to act at what receptors?
D2 antagonists in the limbic, mesocortical, extrapyramidal areas
Which drug is thought to act as D4 antagonist and has high affinity of 5-HT2 receptors?
Clozapine
Chlorpromazine blocks the effects of dopamine in what systems?
nigrostriatal, mesolimbic, mesocortical, tuberoinfundibular
Clozapine blocks the effects of dopamine and serotonin in what systems?
mesolimbic, mesocortical.
Drugs that block what receptors help with negative symptoms of schizophrenia?
Block serotonin receptors
Too little dopamine in relation to cholinergic activity results in?
parkinsonism (nigrostriatal)
Too much dopamine in relation to cholinergic activity results in?
Tardive dyskinesia
This drug is more potent than chlorpromazine, less sedation, less anticholinergic, more EPS.
trifluoperazine
This drug is a long acting form given by im as a depot injection every 3-4 weeks.
fluphenazine
This drug is similar to trifluoperazine but is used as a antiemetic.
prochlorperazine
This drug is less anticholingeric than chlorpromazine, more EPS, less sedation.
Haloperidol
This drug has the potential to cause granulocytopenia, agranulocytosis, seizures.
clozapine
This drug is effective against some negative symptoms, also used in treatment of suicidal behavior.
clozapine
This drug may cause weight gain, hyperglycemia, diabetes type-2, myocarditis, seizures.
Clozapine
This is an analog of clozapine, and does not cause bone marrow toxicity.
olanzapine
This drug is used for schizophrenia and mania. It is more likely to cause EPS than clozapine.
Olanzapine
This drug has more potential for EPS than clozapine or olanzapine. It also can cause weight gain and hyperglycemia.
Risperidone
These drugs cause very few EPS, effective against both positive and negative symptoms.
Quetiapine, ziprasidone
This drug acts as a partial agonist/antagonist at D2 and 5-HT1a receptors.
aripiprazole
What are the high potency drugs? what effects do they cause?
trifluoperazine, fluphenazine, haloperidol
Less cardio, anticholinegeric
More EPS
What are the low potency drugs? what effects do they cause?
chlorpromazine, olanzapine,risperidone
More cardio, anticholinergic
Less EPS
