Antimycobacterials Flashcards
Butanol derivative
E
Nicotinic acid derivative
H
Inhibits mycolic acid synthesis
H
Inhibits DNA dependent DNA polymerase
R
Inhibits arabynosyl transferases involved in synthesis of arabinoglycan in mycobacterial cell wall
E
Unknown MOA
Z
Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 30s subunit
S
Most important virulence factor of TB
Cord factor/trehalose mycolate
Bactericidal
HRS Z (may be static)
SE of isoniazid
Hepatitis
Neurotoxicity
Hemolysis in G6PD
Drug-induced lupus
SE: red orange urine
R
SE: hepatotixicity
H<Z
SE: color blindness (what kind?)
E (red green)
SE of Z
Hepatotoxicity
Hyperuricemia
For TB prophylaxis
H
Prophylaxis for meningococcal and staphylococcal carrier states
R
Coverage of streptomycin
TB
Tularemia
Bunonic plague
Brucellosis
Most important drug in TB
H
Potent CYP450 inducer
R
Most hepatitixic anti-TB drug
Z
Potent CYP450 inhibitor
H
Prevent neurotixicity of H by co-administering _
Pyridoxine
Administered IM
S
Aka sterilizing agent
Z
For S-resistant or MDR strains
Amikacin
Active against strains of M. tb resistant to first line agents
Cipro, oflox
Sulfone
Dapsone
Phenazine dye
Clofazimine
Inhibits folic acid synthesis
Dapsone
Ninds to guanine bases in bacterial DNA
Clofazamine
Most active drug against M. leprae
Dapsone
SE of dapsone
Methemoglobinemia
Hemolysis in G6PD
Dapsone is usually used in combination with _
Rifampicin and clofazimine
Prophylaxis for atypical mycobacteria
Clarithro/azithro +/- rifabutin if CD4<50
Treatment for atyoical mycobacteria
Azithro/clarithro + ethambutol + rifabutin
Bacteriostatic but can be bactericidal
Z
Rapid development of resistance if used alone
R
Bacteriostatic
E
Z (may be cidal)
SE of S
Nephrotoxicity (reversible)
Ototoxicity (irreversible)
Teratogenic (congenital deafness)
