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Yr1 -S1 - Principles of Disease > Antimicrobial Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

bactericidal

A

antimicrobial that kills bacteria

penicillin’s

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2
Q

bacteriostatic

A

antimicrobial inhibits growth of bacteria

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3
Q

sensitive

A

if organism is able to be inhibited or killed by the antimicrobial

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4
Q

MBC

A

Minimal bactericidal concentration

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5
Q

Minimal bactericidal concentration

A

minimum concentration of antimicrobial needed to kill a given organism

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6
Q

MIC

A

Minimal inhibitory concentration

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7
Q

Minimal inhibitory concentration

A

minimum concentration of antimicrobial needed to inhibit growth of a given organism

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8
Q

parenteral

A

administered intravenously

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9
Q

Antibiotics may inhibit/ kill bacteria in three ways:

A

inhibition of cell wall synthesis

inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis

inhibition of protein synthesis

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10
Q

Antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis

A

Beta lactams

penicillin and cephalosporins

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11
Q

beta lactams

A

disrupt peptidoglycan synthesis by inhibiting penicillin binding proteins PBPs!

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12
Q

Glycopeptides only act on

A

gram positive organisms

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13
Q

Glycopeptides are administered

A

by IV

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14
Q

Glycopeptides act on cell wall synthesis before

A

beta lactams

inhibiting assembly of peptidoglycan precursor

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15
Q

Antibiotic that inhibit protein synthesis

A

aminoglycosides

macrolides

tetracycline

oxazolidinones

cyclic lipopeptide

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16
Q

E.coli is gram….

A

negative

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17
Q

inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis involve the inhibition of different steps in

A

purine synthesis

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18
Q

Inhibitors of nucleic acid synthesis

A

co-trimoxazole

fluoroquinolones

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19
Q

Trimethoprim

A

treats UTI

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20
Q

streptococci is always resistant to…

A

aminoglycosides

21
Q

Gram negative organisms are always resistant to

A

vancomycin

22
Q

E.coli is resistant to

A

ampicillin

23
Q

two ways in which resistance is acquired

A

spontaneous

spread of resistance

24
Q

beta lactamases are bacterial enzymes which cleave the…

A

beta lactam ring of the antibiotic

they thus render it inactive

25
Q

most staphylococcus aureus produce

A

beta lactamase

26
Q

two ways to combat beta lactamase

A

add another antibiotic

modify the antibiotic

27
Q

Flucloxacillin is

A

beta lactamase resistant

28
Q

Flucloxacillin can treat

A

staphylococcal infections

29
Q

benzyl penicillin can treat

A

gram positive organisms

30
Q

amoxicillin, ampicillin treat

A

gram negative

31
Q

co-amoxiclav

A

beta lactamase producing coliforms

32
Q

aminoglycosides treat

A

gram negative organisms

33
Q

Gentamicin

A

cheap and most commonly used

treated gram negative

e.coli

34
Q

Marcolides treat

A

gram positive

35
Q

Quinolones treat nearly all

A

gram negative

36
Q

C. difficile is gram

A

positive

37
Q

thrush from

A

candida albicans

38
Q

Polyenes bind to

A

ergosterol

39
Q

ergosterol is present in

A

fungal cell wall but not bacterial cell wall

40
Q

amphotericin B

A

treats serious fungal infections

41
Q

used to treat HIV

A

saquinavir

42
Q

trimethoprim

A

treats purine synthesis

43
Q

UTI

A

nitrofurantoin

44
Q

MRSA treated with

A

vancomycin

45
Q

nyastatin

A

fungal infections

vagina, oesophageal

46
Q

Azoles function

A

inhibit ergosterol synthesis

47
Q

azoles treat

A

yeast infections

48
Q

Aciclovir is an

A

Anti-herpes drug

Yr1 -S1 - Principles of Disease (25 decks)

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