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Principles of disease JK > Antimicrobial Chemotherapy > Flashcards

Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Flashcards

1
Q

2 sites of action if antibiotics

A
  • cell wall synthesis
  • Nucleic acid synthesis
  • Protein synthesis
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2
Q

Examples of antibiotics that inhibit cell wall synthesis

A

Penicillin and cephalosporins

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3
Q

Examples of antibiotics that inhibit protein synthesis

A

Gentamicin and erythromycin

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4
Q

Examples of antibiotics that inhibit nucleic acid synthesis

A

trimethoprim and ciprofloxacin

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5
Q

How do Beta lactams work

A

Disrupt peptidoglycan synthesis and inhibit PBP’s

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6
Q

Examples of glycopeptides

A

Vancomycin and teicoplanin

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7
Q

When do glycopeptides act?

A

Stage earlier to beta lactams, inhibiting assembly of precursor

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8
Q

Do glycopeptides act only on gram positive or gram negative and why?

A

Gram positive as they cannot penetrate gram negative cell wall

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9
Q

Problem with Vancomycin?

A

Toxicity - otoxicity, nephrotoxicity and rashes

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10
Q

Aminoglycosides

A

Gentamicin

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11
Q

What are not sensitive to aminoglycosides

A

Streptococci

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12
Q

What are aminoglycosides usually used for

A

Serious gram negative (coliform) infections

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13
Q

Macrolides

A

Erythromycin and clarithromycin

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14
Q

What are macrolides used for

A

Gram positive infections for those allergic to penicillin’s

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15
Q

Linezolid

A

Protein synthesis

MRSA

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16
Q

Daptomycin

A

Gram positives and MRSA

17
Q

What do trimethroprim and sulphamethoxazole inhibit?

A

Purine synthesis

18
Q

co - trimoxazole

A

Less likely to cause c diff

19
Q

Trimethroprim

A

UTI

20
Q

Fluoroquinolones

A

Ciprofloxacin inhibit DNA synthesis more directly

Gram negative - pseudomonas

21
Q

Why can fluoroquinolones not be used in children?

A

Interfere with cartilage growth

22
Q

Co-amoxiclav

A

Amoxicillin and clavulanic acid to combat beta lactamase resistance

23
Q

What is flucloxacillin resistant to?

A

Beta lactamase and is antistaphylococcal

Principles of disease JK (26 decks)

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