An introduction to Bacteria

Question 1

Gram positive stain

Answer 1

Purple

Question 2

Gram negative stain

Answer 2

Red

Question 3

Fimbriae are for

Answer 3

Adhesion and attachment

Question 4

What is the function of the capsule?

Answer 4

Defence mechanism as is slimy and prevents the bacteria from being phagocytosed

Question 5

Flagellum are for

Answer 5

Movement

Question 6

Gram positive have a thick or thin peptidoglycan layer?

Answer 6

Thick

Question 7

Cocci

Answer 7

Spherical

Question 8

Bacilli

Answer 8

Rod shaped

Question 9

Coccobacilli

Answer 9

Intermediate form

Question 10

Penicillin binding proteins

Answer 10

Associated with enzymes that synthesise peptidoglycan

Question 11

Peptidoglycan

Answer 11

Strength and structure

Carbohydrate cross linked to amino acids

Question 12

Lipopolysaccharide

Answer 12

Also know an endotoxin
Elicit immune response due to the presence of O antigen
Only found in gram negative

Question 13

Spores - Gram positive or negative?

Answer 13

Gram positive only when nutrients are in low supply

Question 14

Bacteriophage

Answer 14

A virus which eats bacteria by injecting their DNA which becomes incorporated into the bacterial genome and multiplies to eventually lyse the cell

Question 15

First part of bacteria name is

Answer 15

Genus

Question 16

Second part of bacteria name is

Answer 16

Species

Question 17

Do species have similar characteristics?

Answer 17

Yes

Question 18

How do you identify strains?

Answer 18

DNA typing techniques