Antihipertensivos Flashcards

1
Q

tx no farmacologico

A

-peso: 10kg = 5-20 mmhg, no Na, ejercicio, no alcohol

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2
Q

Clasif

A

Diureticos: sale Na
ahorradores de K
inhibidor sist R-A-A
bloqueador canales Ca
A-ant y simpaticoliticos

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3
Q

Diureticos

A

Tiazidicos: 1 eleccion
inhiben transportador Na/Cl en tub distal
SI: insuf cardiaca, asma, osteoporosis
NO: gota, DM, sd metabolico
EA: +uricemia, +ca, +glucemia, -potasemia

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4
Q

tiazidicos

A

Hidroclorotiazida
Clortalidona: + duracion
Indapamida: ant Ca: vasodilatacion

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5
Q

Hidroclorotiazida

A

max efecto: 4 sem
NO cisaprida, SI: EICAS, ARAII, AC

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6
Q

Ahorradores de K

A

complemento HAS resistente, tx -potasemia, +aldosteronismo
NO: insuf renal
EA: +potasemia

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7
Q

ahorradores de K que inhiben transporte Na en tub colectores

A

amilorida
triamtereno

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8
Q

ahorradores de K que ant aldosterona

A

espironolactona
eplerenona: -EA

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9
Q

inhibidores del sist R-A-A

A

IECA
ARA II
Aliskireno

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10
Q

IECA, caracteristicas

A

inhibe enz convertidora de angiotensina I en angiotensina II
- nefropatia DM, -hipertrovia ventricular izq
SI: IAM, insuf renal, DM, asma
NO combinar, NO ARAII, aliskiren, NO embarazada
AINES - eficiencia
EA: tos seca, +potasemia, angioedema, camiar a: ARAII

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11
Q

IECA

A

captopril
enalapril: no afecta absorcion alimentos, efecto: 24hrs

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12
Q

ARA II (BRA)

A

ant de AT1 (angiotensina II)
SI: >65, insuf cardiaca y renal, IAM, EVC, DM, asma
NO: embarazada
EA: edema periferico, bloqueo AV, taquicardia refleja, +plasia gingival

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13
Q

ARA II (BRA)

A

nifedipino
amlodipino

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14
Q

B-bloqueadores

A

riñon: -renina: -angiotensina ii
corazon: -GC
SI: EVC simpatico, ang pechi, IAM, migraña, insuf congestiva
NO: >65, asma, EPOC, bradicardia, bloqueo AV
EA: broncoconstriccion, abstinencia, hipotension

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15
Q

B-bloqueadores

A

Sotalol, timolol: 1gen, no selectivo
metoprolol: 2gen, B1
carvedilol: 3gen
labetalol: SI embarazadas

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16
Q

A-antagonistas

A

ant a-1 periferico, vasodilatacion, tx: hiperplasia prostatica
EA: +simpatico, +S-R-A-A, hipotension ortostatica, sincope: desmayo

17
Q

A-antagonistas

A

clonidina: ag a-2, -simpaticolitico
a-metildopa: ag a-2, SI: embarazadas, preclampsia

18
Q

urgencia hipertensiva

A

SIN daño organo blanco

19
Q

emergencia hipertensiva

A

daño organo blanco: falla renal, -orina, EVC, infarto, ateratoma, edema, perdida vision, tinnitus, zumbido

20
Q

isosorbide

A

px infartados o crisis hipertensiva

21
Q
A