AntigenInfo Flashcards

1
Q

location of presentation for antigens in connective or epithelial tissue?

A

in lymph nodes

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2
Q

location of presentation for antigens in blood?

A

in the spleen

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3
Q

conventional dendritic cells location

A

tissues

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4
Q

conventional dendritic cells TLRs

A

TLR 4, 5, 8

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5
Q

conventional dendritic cells cytokines

A

TNF, Il-6, IL-12

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6
Q

conventional dendritic cells function

A

induction of T cell response against most antigens

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7
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells location

A

blood and tissue

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8
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells TLRs

A

TLR 7 and 9

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9
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells cytokines made

A

IFN a and b

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10
Q

plasmacytoid dendritic cells function

A

antiviral innate immunity and induction of T cell response against viruses

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11
Q

mature dendritic cells ability

A

able to present peptide antigens to naive T cells in lymph nodes

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12
Q

dendritic cell role in Antigen presentation

A

can express MHC II, initates T cell response to protein antigens

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13
Q

macrophages role in antigen presentation

A

inducibly expresses MHC class II, leads to effector phase of cell mediated immune response

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14
Q

B lymphocytes role in antigen presentation

A

can express MHC class II, presents antigen to helper CD4+ cells

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15
Q

what can B cells recognize?

A

proteins, nucleic acids, polysaccharides, lipids and small molecule

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16
Q

what can T cells recognize?

A

must be very small peptide fragments, and relies on MHC to process an antigen into the small peptide fragments

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17
Q

How does a T cell bind a peptide fragment?

A

it binds the fragment and the MHC component that it recognizes

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18
Q

MHC Class I information

A

found in all nucleated cells in the body and display peptide antigens that are found within the cytoplasm of the cell

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19
Q

What T cell mainly recognizes the MHC class I?

A

mainly recognized by CD8 cells because these are the cytotoxic cells that will kill cells infected in cytoplasm

20
Q

MHC Class II information

A

these are only found in antigen presenting cells..dendritic, macrophages and B cells

display antigens from microbes in vesicles in the infected cells

21
Q

What T cell mainly recognizes the MHC class II?

A

since displaying antigens from vesicles in the cell, these are mainly recognized by the CD4 cells since they will require helper cells

22
Q

MHC name in Humans

A

Human Leukocyte Antigens

23
Q

What chromosome is MHC on?

A

chromosome 6

24
Q

MHC Class I names

A

HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C

25
MHC Class I chains
alpha chain with peptide binding cleft (a1,2,3), and beta-2 micro globulin for stability a3 binds cd8 cell
26
transporter associated antigen processing for MHC class I
Proteasome breaks up into small peptides which go to ER where they are combined with MHC class I complex and then packaged and sent to membrane
27
MHC Class II names
HLA-DP, HLA-DQ, HLA-DR
28
MHC Class II chains
alpha and beta of equal size, both in membrane and both involved in binding the peptide b2 binds cd4 cell
29
MHC Class II peptide association
phagocytosed an antigen, ER has MHC class II molecules with an invariant chain in the binding site, once antigen there the invariant chain leaves and the peptide can bind and the MHC II complex can go to membrane for recognition by CD4 cells
30
co-dominant expression of MHC genes
both mom and dad genes are transcribed so means you have more possible MHC proteins to present
31
polymorphic MHC genes
many different alleles in population so likely we are all different in MHC
32
importance of slow off rate of peptides in MHC
gives plenty of time for T cells to recognize and proliferate
33
celiac disease
gluten allergy that leads to fatty diarrhea, weight loss, and vitamin deficiencies autoimmune, some genetic linkage to HLA
34
etiology of celiacs disease
villous atrophy intestines
35
treatment of celiac disease
GF diet
36
serological evaluation for celiacs
often have autoantibodies of EMA-IgA (antiendomysial) and tTG-IgA (transglutaminase antibody) and can test for these to do diagnosis also have antibody against gliadin (component of gluten) people also use endoscopy and biopsy
37
type 1 diabetes
autoimmune destruction of beta cells that make insulin in pancreas some genetic linkage to HLA treat with exogenous insulin
38
symptoms of type 1 diabetes
polydipsia (increased thirst) Polyuria (increased urine), weight loss hyperglycemia, diabetic ketoacidosis
39
Auto-antibody testing for Type 1 diabetes
look for antibodies of anti glutamic acid decarboxylase, anti islet cell anti insulin
40
celiac disease genetic links
HLA DQ2 and HLADQ8,
41
type 1 diabetes genetic links
HLA DQ and HLA DR
42
hyperacute organ rejection
immediate, due to pre-formed antibodies, like incompatibility of ABO blood types thrombosis occurs, organ dies not common anymore
43
acute organ rejection
week to months due to developing B and T cells to foreign organ shows with vasculitis, treat with immunosupressants
44
chronic organ rejection
years long, due to T and B cells leads to fibrosis or scarring and may need new transplant
45
graft versus host disease
bone marrow transplant where the marrow makes new donor T cells that are sensitive against recipients MHC class...many organs effected
46
Graft versus host disease presentation
rash, jaundice, diarrhea, hepatosplenomegaly