Antidotes for Toxicities

Question 1

Acetaminophen

Answer 1

N-acetylcysteine

Question 2

AChE inhibitors, organophosphates

Answer 2

Atropine and Pralidoxime (if early enough)

Question 3

Amphetamines (basic)

Answer 3

NH4Cl to charge it and piss it out

Question 4

Antimuscarinic, anticholinergic agents

Answer 4

Physostigmine salicylate, control hyperthermia

Question 5

Benzos

Answer 5

Flumazenil

Question 6

Beta-blockers

Answer 6

Glucagon

Question 7

Carbon Monoxide

Answer 7

100% O2, hyperbaric O2

Question 8

Copper, arsenic, gold

Answer 8

penicillamine

Question 9

Cyanide

Answer 9

Amyl nitrite + thiosulfate, hydroxycobalamin

Question 10

Digitalis

Answer 10

Mg and K replacement, Anti-Digoxin Abs

Question 11

Heparin

Answer 11

Protamine Sulfate

Question 12

Iron

Answer 12

Deferoxamine, deferasirox

Question 13

Lead

Answer 13

EDTA, Dimercaprol, Penicillamine, Succimer

Question 14

Mercury, arsenic, gold

Answer 14

Dimercaprol, Succimer

Question 15

Methanol, ethylene glycol

Answer 15

Fomepizole (inhibits alcohol dehydrogenase) >ethanol, dialysis

Question 16

Methemoglobin

Answer 16

Methylene blue, vitamin C

Question 17

Opioids

Answer 17

Naloxone

Question 18

Salicylates

Answer 18

NaBicarb (alkalinize urine)

Question 19

TCAs

Answer 19

NaBicarb

Question 20

tPA, streptokinase, urokinase

Answer 20

Aminocaproic acid

Question 21

Warfarin

Answer 21

FFP, Vitamin K

Question 22

How to distinguish treatments of the heavy metals:

Answer 22

Lead can use all (ubiquitous so there are many txs: E/D/S/P)
Mercury just uses DiMERCaprol and Succimer
Copper Only uses Penicillamine
Arsenic and Gold use everything except EDTA: Succimer, Penicllamine, Dimercaprol