Antidiabetic Drugs

Question 1

1st gen sulfonylurea
SE: hypoglycemia, weight gain, disulfiram reaction
HIGHEST POTENTIAL TO CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA

Answer 1

Chlorpropamide

Tolbutamide, Tolazamide

Question 2

2nd gen sulfonylurea
SE: less hypoglycemia, weight gain, cholestatic jaundice
CI IN PATIENTS WITH HEPATIC IMPAIRMENT AND RENAL INSUFFICIENCY
REQUIRES ISLET CELL FUNCTION

Answer 2

Glipizide
Glimepiride, Glyburide/Glibenclamide
Gliclazide

Question 3

Meglitinide
SE: least hypoglycemia, URTI
Used in DIABETICS WITH SULFA ALLERGIES
Very short DOA (4-8 hrs only)
Requires islet cell function

Answer 3

Repaglinide
Nateglinide (least incidence of hypoglycemia and may be used in CKD PATIENTS)
Mitiglinide

Question 4

Insulin sensitizer
Biguanide
Inhibition of renal and hepatic gluconeogenesis
SE: GI disturbances, weight loss, lactic acidosis, vit. B12 malabsorption
DOC FOR OBESE DIABETICS

Answer 4

Metformin

CI in patients with renal disease, alcoholism, hepatic disease, CHF, or conditions predisposing to tissue anoxia

Question 5

MOA of thiazolidinediones

Answer 5

Activates PPAR-gamma receptor

Increases glucose uptake in muscle and adipose tissue

Question 6

Amylin analog
Suppressed glucagon release
Delays gastric emptying
Anorectic effect
Administered as SC with insulin

Answer 6

Pramlintide

Question 7

GLP1 agonist
Produces satiety
SE: hypoglycemia
Administered as SC in combination with metformin or sulfonylurea

Answer 7

Exenatide

Liraglutide

Question 8

Incretin modulator
DPP4 inhibitor
Administered orally as monotherapy or in combination with metformin

Answer 8

Sitagliptin

Saxagliptin, linagliptin