Antidepressants Flashcards
What are the 5 classifications of antidepressants?
TCA
MAOI
SSRIs
SNRIs
Novel Antidepressants
What does TCA stand for?
Tricyclic Acid
What are the main side effects of TCAs? (4)
- Antihisthaminic (sedation and weight gain)
- Anticholinergic (dry mouth & eyes, memory defecits and delirium)
- Antiadrenergic (Orthostatic, HYPOTENSION, sedation, sexual dysfunction)
- Can cause QT lenthening
How much TCA can be a lethal overdose?
Only a weeks dose
What are some examples of Tertiary TCAs? (4)
Imipramine
Amytriptaline
Doxepine
Clomipramine
Give two examples of secondary TCAs (2)
Deipramine
Nortriptyline
How to MAOIs work?
Bind irreversibly to monoamine oxidase.
Prevents inactivation of amines like dopamine and serotonin.
Leads to increased synaptic levels
What are some side-effects of MAOIs? (6)
Orthostatic HYPOtension
Weight gain
Dry mouth
Sedation
Sexual Dysfunction
Sleep disturbance
What is the Cheese Reaction?
Hypertensive crisis when MAOIs taken with tyramine-rich foods. (i.e. cheese, processed meat, red wine or beans)
What is serotonine syndrome?
Combination of MAOI and SSRI leads to this.
Abdo pain, diarrhoea, sweats, tachycardia, delirium
(think to the night where mum and dad cooked for your friends)
What does SSRI stand for?
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors
What does SSRI do?
Blocks presynaptic reuptake.
Treatment for both anxiety and depression.
What are some side effects of SSRIs? (list 4 of 9)
GI dysfunction
Sexual dysfunction (30%!)
Anxiety
Restlessness
Nervousness
Insomia
Fatigue
Sedation
Dizziness
What are the Pros and Cons of SERTRALINE?
- Pros:
- Weak P450 interactions
- Short Half life
- Less sedating in comparison
- Cons:
- Max absorption requires full stomach (bad for bullemics)
- Increased number of GI adverse reactions
What are the main SSRIs?
- Paroxetine
- Sertraline
- Fluoxetine
- Citalopram
- Escitalopram
- Fluvoxamine
*
What is an SNRI?
Serotonin / Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitor
Works like a TCA but none of the weird side effects.
Used for Depression, Anxiety and Neuropathic pain.
Name some SNRIs
Venlafaxine
Duloxetine
List some novel antidepressants
Mirtazapine
Buproprion
When do we use mood stabilisers?
Used in the treatment of Bipolar, Cyclothymia & Schozoaffective disorders
What are the three classes of mood stabilisers?
Lithium
Anticonvulsants
Antipsychotics
What is the ideal effective blood level of lithium?
0.6 - 1.2
Name some anticonvulsants
Valproic Acid
Carbamazepine
Lamotrigine
