Anticoagulation & Antiplatelet drugs Flashcards
what are examples of injectable anticoagulants?
- unfractionated heparin
- low molecular weight heparin
what is the difference between unfractionated heparin and low molecular weight heparin?
Unfractionated Heparin:
- temporary drug
- only active for a few mins
- hospital based treatment
Mol Weight Heparin:
- daily drug
- given by subcutaneous injection once daily
what are examples of oral anticoagulant drugs?
- warfarin
- apixaban
- rivaroxaban
what are examples of oral antiplatelet drugs?
- aspirin
- clopidogrel
- dipyridamole
what dental procedures may cause problems for patients on anticoagulants and antiplatelet drugs?
- extractions
- minor oral surgery
- implants
- periodontal surgery
- biopsies
what are examples of indications for anticoagulants?
- atrial fibrillation
- deep vein thrombosis
- heart valve disease
- mechanical heart valves
- thrombophilia
what is an example of a factor Xa inhibitor anticoagulant drug?
Apixiban
what is a contraindication of warfarin?
- alcohol
- malignant hypertension
- hepatic impairment
- Kidney problem
how does warfarin work as an anticoagulant drug?
inhibits production of vitamin K dependant clotting factors
- 2, 7, 9 & 10
if you are going to perform a high risk dental procedure on a warfarin patient, what tests must be done prior to the procedure?
- INR (must be less than 4)
- FBC
how should dental treatment be given to patient on NOACs?
- treat early in the day
- high risk procedure = miss/delay morning dose
what drugs should you avoid prescribing to patients on NOACs?
- NSAIDs
- carbamazepine
how do antiplatelet drugs work in clinical practise?
- inhibit platelet aggregation
- inhibit thrombus formation
if a patient is suffering from atherosclerosis or stents, should they be given anticoagulants or antiplatelets?
- antiplatelet drugs
if a patient has a prosthetic heart valve, will they be on anticoagulants or anti-platelet drugs?
anticoagulants
