Anticoagulants

Question 1

Warfarin mechanism of action?

Answer 1

Vitamin K antagonist stopping the production of 1972 clotting factors

Question 2

Warfarin CI?

Answer 2

Aspirin, green foods, esophageal varices, thrombocytopenia, major surgery, severe bleeding risk, endocarditis

Question 3

Warfarin I?

Answer 3

DVT, PE, VTE, AF, stroke prevention (CHAD2)

Question 4

What is required with a patient on Warfarin?

Normal patient considered healthy is?

Answer 4

Regularly monitor their INR value - 2.0-3.0

<1.1

Question 5

NOAC mechanism?

Answer 5

Longer for blood to clot

Question 6

Why NOAC preference to warfarin?

Answer 6

Less influenced by the diet and other medications

Don’t require therapeutic monitoring

Question 7

NOAC examples?

Answer 7

Apixaban, dobigatran

Question 8

Heparin mechanism of action?

LMW heparin?

Answer 8

Prevent blood clot formation

Derived from UFH, but lower rate of heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)

Question 9

Heparin CI?

Answer 9

HIT (past/present), active bleed, past severe bleed with unknown aetiology

Question 10

Heparin I?

Answer 10

VTE, PE, AF with embolism, stroke risk, surgery

Question 11

P2Y12 inhibitor mechanism of action?

Answer 11

Prevent platelet activation and prevent sticking to the endothelium

Question 12

P2Y12 CI and I are the same as what?

Answer 12

Heparin

Question 13

P2Y12 example?

Often used in conjunction with?

Answer 13

Clopidrogrel

Aspirin

Question 14

Aspirin mechanism of action? x2 for clotting and pain

Answer 14

Prevent platelet agglutination

Binds to COX1 enzyme acting as an inhibitor so preventing the production of prostaglandins

Question 15

Aspirin CI?

Answer 15

Known NSAID allergy, asthma, rhinitis (as associated T1HSR)

Question 16

Aspirin I?

Answer 16

Angina, colorectal cancer, stroke, fever, CVD secondary prevention, mild-moderate pain relief