Antibiotika Flashcards

1
Q

Hvilke er hovedangrepspunktene vi har for å bekjempe bakterier?

A

Vi kan hemme syntesen av:

  1. Celleveggen
  2. Folsyre
  3. DNA
  4. RNA
  5. Proteiner
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2
Q

Hvilke antibiotika angriper celleveggen?

A

Betalaktamater: penicilliner, cefalosporiner, karbapenemer.

Glykopeptider (vankomycin).

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3
Q

Hvilke antibiotika angriper folsyresyntesen?

A

Trimetoprim og sulfonamider.

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4
Q

Hvilke antibiotika angriper bakteriens DNA-syntesen?

A

Kinoloner (ciprofloksacin), nitroimidazoler (metronidazol/flagyl).

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5
Q

Hvilke antibiotika angriper proteinsyntesen?

A

Aminoglykosider (gentamycin), makrolider (erytromycin), linkosamider (klindamycin), tetracykliner (doksycyklin), kloramfenikol.

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6
Q

Hvilke mekanismer har bakterier utviklet for å bli resistente mot antibiotika?

A
    • Endring i celleveggstrukturen
    • Efflux pumper
    • Endring i reseptoren for legemiddelet
    • Metabolisering av legemidler til inaktive metabolitter
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