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Topnotch Pharma Boxes mgcMD > Antibiotics > Flashcards

Antibiotics Flashcards

1
Q

Bacterididal antibiotics (5)

A 
Very Finely Proficient At Murder
Vancomycin
Fluoroquinolone
Penicillin
Aminoglycosides
Metronidazole
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2
Q

Bacteriostatic antibiotics (6)

A

ECSTaTiC
Erythromycin
Clindamycin
Sulfamethoxazole

Timethoprim
Tetracycline
Chloraphenicol

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3
Q

enzymatic hydrolysis of beta lactam ring by formation of beta-lactamases (penicillinases) is the mechanism of resistance of what

A

Staph aureus

tx: clavulanic acid, sulbactam, tazobactam

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4
Q

structural changes in target PBPs is the mechanism of resistance of what

A

MRSA, pneumococci, enterococci

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5
Q

changes in the porin structures in outer cell wall impeding access of penicillins to PBPs

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

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6
Q

Renal tubular reabsorption inhibited by _____

A

Probenecid

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7
Q

Long-acting intramuscular PCN preparations (2)

A

benzathine PCN, procaine penicillin

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8
Q

Penicillins have increased activity against enterococci when combined with

A

aminoglycosides

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9
Q

Antipseudomonal penicillins (3)

A

Takes Care of Pseudomonas
Ticarcillin
Carbenicillin
Piperacillin

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10
Q

Cephalosporins are bactericidal, mostly IV, all have renal excretion EXCEPT ____ and _____

A

cefoperazone

ceftriaxone

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11
Q

Microbes within the spectrum of activity of first generation cephalosporins

A

PEKs first
Proteus mirabilis
E. coli
K. pneumoniae

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12
Q

First generation cephalosporins

A 
FADer, help me FAZ my PHarmacology boards
CeFADroxil
CeFAZolin
CePHalothin
CePHaprin
CePHadrine
CePHalexin
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13
Q

Microbes within the spectrum of activity of seccond generation cephalosporins

A

HEN PEKS
Haemophilus
Enterobacter aerogenes
Neisseria spp;

Proteus mirabilis
E. coli
K. pneumoniae
Serratia marcescens

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14
Q

2nd generation cephalosporins

A

in a FAMily gathering, u see ur FOXy cousing wering a FUR coat and drinking TEA

ceFAMandole
ceFOXitin
ceFURoxime
cefoTEtan

FAC!  LORA the PROfessional AZhOLE is still on the FONe
ceFAClor
LORAcarbef
cefPROzil
cefmetAZOLE
ceFONicid
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15
Q

Most active ceph against penicillin resistance Strep pneumoniae

A

Ceftriaxone

Cefotaxime

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16
Q

3rd gen cephalosporins

A 
FEnge PO ng PERA to FIX my TTTTTV
ceFEtamet
cefPOdoxime
cefoPERAzone
ceFIXime
cefTriaxone
cefTazidime
cefoTaxime
cefTizoxime
cefTibufen
17
Q

Drugs of last resort

A 
I AM your Last Shot at Victory
imipenem
amikacin
meropenem
linezolid
streptogramins
vancomycin
18
Q

Bacterial Protein Synthesis Inhibitors

A 
ATCELLS
aminoglycosides
tetracyclines
chloramphenicol
erythromycin (macrolides)
lincosamides (clindamycin)
linezolid
streptogramins
19
Q

anaerobic infections ABOVE the diaphragm

A

clindamycin

BELOW: metronidazole

20
Q

group of antibiotic that has concentration-dependent killing action

A

aminoglycosides

21
Q

time-dependent killing action

A

penicillins

cephalosporins

22
Q

killing action continues when their plasma levels declined below measurable levels

A

post-antibiotic effect (aminoglycosides)

23
Q

Most vestibulotoxic and nephrotoxic among aminoglycosides:

A

Gentamicin, tobramycin

24
Q

Most ototoxic aminoglycosides

A

kanamycin, amikacin

25
Q

neromuscular blockade side effect of aminoglycosides can be reversed by

A

calcium

Neostigmine

26
Q

most likely to produce skin reactions among aminoglycosides

A

neomycin

streptomycin

27
Q

weakly acidic compounds with a common chemical nucleus resembling PABA

A

Sulfonamides

28
Q 
interferes with bacterial DNA synthesis by inhibiting:
topoisomerase II (DNA gyrase) in G(-) organisms, prevents relaxation of supercoiled DNA

topoisomerase IV in G(+) organisms, interferes with the separation of repllicated chromosomal DNA during cell division

A

Quinolones

29
Q

1st generation fluoroquinolones and their spectrum of activity

A

Nalidixic acid, Cinoxacin, Rosoxacin, Oxolinic acid

UTI

30
Q

2nd generation fluoroquinolones and their spectrum of activity

A

Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin, Norfloxacin, Lomefloxacin, Enoxacin

G(-), gonococci, G(+), mycoplasma

31
Q

3rd generation fluoroquinolones and their spectrum of activity

A

Levofloxacin, Gemifloxacin, Moxiflixacin, Sparfloxacin, Grepafloxacin, Gatifloxacin, Pazufloxacin, Tosufloxacin, Balofloxacin

Less G(-) and more G(+) activity,
streptococci
Enterococci

32
Q

4th generation fluoroquinolones and their spectrum of activity

A

Trovafloxacin, Alatrofloxacin, Prulifloxacin, Clinafloxacin

broad spectrum, including anaerobes

Topnotch Pharma Boxes mgcMD (22 decks)

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