Anti HTN Flashcards
Drug-induced lupus (4)
It's HIPP to have lupus Hydralazine Isoniazid Procainamide Penicillamine
why do patients taking ACEi/ARBs develop hyperkalemia
reduced aldosterone levels–> potassium retention
Why give ACEi in px with DM nephropathy
Renoprotective (decreases albumin excretion and slows progression of micro- to macroalbuminuria
Cause of headache in px taking nitrates
meningeal blood vessel dilatation
Why is Ca-dependent neurotransmission not affected by CCB?
CCBs affect L-type Ca channels
other fxns use N-, P- and R- type
Drugs that cause gingival hyperplasia (4)
NapaCa-Pangit ng gingiVa mo Nifedipine Cyclosporine Phenytoin Verapamil
Complex in ETC affected by cyanide
Complex IV
Antidote for cyanide poisoning
inhaled amyl nitrite + IV sodium nitrite + IV sodium thiosulfate
Nitrates alone
Heart rate
Reflex increase
Nitrates alone
arterial pressure
decrease
Nitrates alone
end-diastolic pressure
DECREASE
Nitrates alone
contractility
reflex increase
Nitrates alone
ejection time
reflex decrease
Nitrates alone
Net myocardial oxygen requirement
decrease
BB or CCB alone
heart rate
decrease
BB or CCB alone
arterial pressure
decrease
BB or CCB alone
end-diastolic pressure
increase
BB or CCB alone
contractility
decrease
BB or CCB alone
ejection time
decrease
BB or CCB alone
net myocardial oxygen requirement
decrease
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
heart rate
decrease
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
arterial pressure
decrease
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
end-diastolic pressure
decrease
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
contractility
no effect or decrease
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
ejection time
no effect
combined BB or CCB and nitrates
net myocardial oxygen component
decrease
orthopnea, PND, pulmonary congestion
left sided heart failure
hepatomegaly, edema, engorded neck veins
right sided heart failure
Drugs with narrow therapeutic index
WALA na Cyang PaPa, VasTeD na warfarin aminoglycosides lithium amphotericin B carbamazepine phenobarbital phenytoin vancomycin theophylline digoxin
3 drug classes that increase survival in CHF
ACE inh
Beta blockers
Aldosterone antagonists
ito yung iaadd mo sa loop diuretics pag CHRONIC HF
Effects of Class I antiarrhythmics to AP duration
Class IA prolong
Class IB shorten
Class IC no change
Class IA antiarrhytmics
Procainamide
disopyramide
quinidine
tx for Class IA antiarhythmic toxicity
Sodium lactate to reverse arrythmia
pressor sympathomimetics
Class IB antiarrhythmics
I Buy Mexican Tacos from Lily
IB: mexiletine, tocainide, lidocaine
drugs that cause agranulocytosis
CCCAPPIT Me clozapine cotrimoxazole colchicine aminopyrine phenylbutazone PTU Indomethacin Tocainide Methimazole
Class IC antiarrhythmics
Chicken ay Pagkain For Enrico
IC: Propafenone, Encainide, Flecainide
Non-selective beta blockers
propanolol, timolol
Beta1 selective blockers
esmolol, acebulol, betaxolol, atenolol, metoprolol
Beta blocker with partial agonistic properties
pindolol, acebulol
BB lacking local anesthetic effects
timolol
BB with low lipid solubility
atenolol
shortest acting BB
esmolol
longest acting BB
nadolol
combine a and b blockade
carvedilol, labetalol
Amiodarone toxicity
pulmonary fibrosis Paresthesias Tremors thyroid dysfunction Corneal deposits skin deposits
