antibiotic mechanisms Flashcards
cell wall synthesis - peptidoglycan cross linking
penicillin cephalosporin carbapenem (ß-lactams)
cell wall synthesis - peptidoglycan synthesis
glycopeptide
proteins synthesis - 50s subunit
macrolide
chloramphenicol
protein synthesis - 30s subunit
tetracycline aminoglycoside
what is vancomycin
glycopeptide
name an amino glycoside
gentamicin
name a fluoroquinolone
ciprofloxacin
folic acid synthesis
sulphonamide trimethoprim
rna polymerase
rifampicin
dna topoisomerase
fluoroquinolone
damage dna
metronidazole
what are the 4 Ds of antimicrobial stewardship
drug duration deescalation dose
what is pseudominas treated with
ciprofloxacin
Neissera meningitides
gram negative diplococci
pseudomonas
gram negative rod shaped bacterium
strict aerobe
syphillis
treponema pallidum - spriochaete
beta lactam antibiotics
- pencillin
- cephalosporins
- carbapenems
Bacteria often develop resistance to beta-lactam antibiotics by synthesizing a beta-lactamase. To overcome this resistance, beta-lactam antibiotics are given with beta-lactamase inhibitors such as clavulanic acid
penicillins
- penicillin - narrow spectrum (positive)
- amoxcillin and co-amoxiclav (negative and positive)
- temocillin (negative)
side effects of ciprfloxacin
tendonitis
gram negative cover
gentamicin
aztreonam if contraindicated
anaerobic cover
metronidazole
C diff causing ABx
- Ciprofloxacin (fluoroquinolones), Clindamycin, Cephalosporins (Ceftriaxone) and Co-Amoxiclav kill off the normal gut bacteria and allow the overgrowth of C. Diff, which causes a nasty gastroenteritis
non/lactose fermenter Enterobacteriaceae
lactose fermenter:
- E coli,Klebsiella, Enterobacter
non-lactose:
- salmonella, proteus
