Antianginal Agents T-2 Flashcards
What are the actions of antianginal drugs?
- improves blood delivery to the heart muscle by dilating the blood vessels.
- decreases the work load of the heart.
Name the types of antianginal drugs:
- Nirates
- Beta-Adrenergic
- Calcium Channel Blockers
Factors affecting myocardial oxygen demand are?
- increased heart rate
- increased blood volume
- increased blood pressure
- increased L ventricular muscle size
- increased muscle contractility
What antianginals effect increased HR?
- beta-blockers
- calcium channel blockers
What antianginals effect increased blood volume?
- beta-blockers
- nitrates
- calcium channel blockers
What antianginals effect increased BP?
- beta-blockers
- nitrates
- calcium channel blockers
What antianginals effect increased muscle contractility?
- beta-blockers
- calcium channel blockers
__________ acts directly on smooth muscle to cause relaxation and depress muscle tone?
nitrates
Indications for nitrates:
Prevention and treatment of attacks of angina pectrois
Contraindications of nitrates:
- allergy
- severe anemia
- head trauma or cerebral hemorrhage
- pregnancy and lactation
Cautions for nitrates:
- hepatic or renal disease
- hypotension, hypovolemia, and conditions that limit cardiac output
What are the adverse effects of nitrates:
- related to the vasodilation and decreased in blood flow
- CNS: headache, dizziness, and weakness
- GI: N/V
- CV: hypotension
- Misc: flushing, pallor increased perspiration
Drug to drug interactions of nitrates:
- ergot derivatives
- heparin
Routes for nitro?
- IV
- sublingual
- translingual spray
- transmucosal spray
- oral, SE tablet
- topical ointment
- transdermal
What kind of drug blacks beta-adrenergic receptors in the heart and kidneys; decreases the influence of SNS on these tissues; decreases cardiac output and the release of renin?
Beta blockers!
What drug treats stable angina Pretoria and hypertension, prevents reinfarction in MI patients; treats stable CHF?
Beta Blockers!
Contraindications of beta blockers:
- bradycardia
- heart block
- cardiogenic shock
- asthma or COPD
- pregnancy and lactation
Cautions for beta blockers:
- DM
- PVD
- thyrotoxicosis
Adverse effects of beta blockers:
- related to their blockage of sympathetic nervous system
- CNS: dizziness, fatigue, emotional depression
- GI: N/V, decreased cardiac output, and arrhythmias
- CV: CHF, decreased cardiac output, and arrhythmias
- respiratory: bronchospasm, dyspnea, and cough
Drug to drug interactions of beta blockers:
- clonidine
What kind of drugs inhibit the movement of calcium ions across the membranes of myocardial and arterial muscle cell contraction?
Calcium channel blockers!
What are the indications for calcium channel blockers?
Prinzmentals angina
Contraindications for calcium channel blocker:
- allergy
- heart block or sick sinus syndrome
- renal or hepatic dysfunction
- pregnancy or lactation
Adverse effects of calcium channel blockers:
- hypotension
- cardiac arrhythmias
- GI upset
- skin reactions
- headache
