Anemia Drugs T-2 Flashcards
Insufficient folic acid or vitamin b12 to create the stroll structure needed in a healthy RBC is called?
Megaloblastic anemia
A negative iron balance is called?
iron deficiency anemia
The gastric mucosa cannot produced intrinsic factor and vitamin B12 cannot be absorbed is called?
pernicious anemia
What kind of drug treats anemia associated with renal failure and AIDS, decreases need for blood transfusions in patients undergoing surgery?
erythropoietins
What drug acts like the natural glycoprotein erythropoietin to stimulate the production of RBC’s in the bone marrow?
erythropoietins
Contraindications for erythropoietins:
- uncontrolled HTN
- allergy to mammalian cell - derived
- allergy to human albumin
- lactation
What are the adverse effects of erythropoietins?
- CNS: headache, fatigue, asthenia, dizziness, and seizure
- N/V/D
- CV: HTN, edema, possible chest pain
Who is at risk for iron deficiency anemia?
- menstruating women who lose RBC’s monthly
- pregnant and nursing women
- rapidly growing adolescents
- GI bleeding
What drug elevates the serum iron concentration?
iron preparations
What is the indication for iron preparations?
- treatment of iron deficiency anemias
- adjunct therapy for patient receiving epoetin alfa
Contraindications for iron preparations:
- allergy
- hemochromatosis
- hemolytic anemia
- normal iron balance
- peptic ulcer, colitis, or regional enteritis
Adverse effects for iron preparations:
- Oral: GI irritation and CNS toxicity
- parental iron is associated with severe anaphylactic reactions, local irritations, staining of the tissues, and phlebitis
Drug to drug interactions for iron preparations:
- antacids, tetracyline, cimetidine
- ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin
- chloramphenicol
Causes of folate deficiencies:
- secondary to increased demand
- absorption problems in the small intestine
- drugs that cause folate deficiencies
- secondary to the malnutrition of alcoholism
Causes of vitamin b12 deficiencies:
- poor diet and increased demand
- lack of intrinsic factor in the stomach
What kind of drugs help cell growth and division for the productions of a strong storm in RBCS?
folic acid derivatives and Vitamin B12
What are the indications for folic acid and vitamin B12?
- replacement therapy for dietary deficiencies, pregnancy
- folic acid is used as a rescue drug for cells exposed to some toxic chemotherapeutic agents
Adverse effects for folic acid and vitamin B12?
- pain and discomfort at the injection site
- nasal irritation with intranasal spray
Prototype for erythropoietins:
Epoetin Alfa
Prototype for iron preparations:
ferrous sulfate
Prototype for folic acid:
folic acid
Prototype for B12:
hydroxocobalamin
What drug help with painful crisis and need for blood transfusions in adult patients with sickle cell anemia?
hydroxyurea
