Anti-Viral Agents - Module 3

Question 1

Ophthalmic herpes

Answer 1

is a very serious infection that used to be almost impossible to treat. The loss of an eye due this infection is now rare.

Question 2

amantadine (Symmetrel)

Answer 2

the first antivirals to both treat and prevent influenza in adults and children.

• 2009 built up resistant to H3N2 fluenza so today they use this drug to treat Parkinson disease

Question 3

H1N1 Influenza drugs

Answer 3

Zanamivir (Relenza)
Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
these two “neuraminidase inhibitors” were approved in 1999
I.V Vaccin and fluMist(intranasal vaccine)

Question 4

Viral diseases

Answer 4

Herpes virus infections, HIV and AIDS

Question 5

Treating Herpes infections

Answer 5

Acyclovir (Zovirax) and Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

Question 6

Herpes

Answer 6

is a STD caused by the herpes simplex virus HSV. Both HSV type I and II can cause either genital or oral infections. type I and II are inactive or “silent” and cause no symptoms but some infected people have “outbreaks” of blisters and ulcers.

**Once infected with HSV people remain infected for life

Question 7

HSV - Type I

Answer 7

commonly cases fever blisters on the mouth or face (oral herpes)

Question 8

HSV -Type II - more common in women

Answer 8

typically affects the genital area (genital herpes)

can cause potentially fatal infections in infants if the mother is shedding virus at the time of delivery.

Question 9

Valacyclovir (Valtrex)

Answer 9

Reduce transmission of genital herpes. Michael Vick and Ron Mexico

Question 10

The Varicella zoster virus

Answer 10

Herpers-Zoster virus HZV causes chicken pox and shingles

Question 11

Acyclovir(Zovirax )

Answer 11

the first “-cyclovir” drugs family - treating herpes infections (Herpes-Zoster Virus).

can be used to treat the genital form of HSV and become the major STD drug today.

Question 12

Drugs to treat AIDS

Answer 12

AIDS treatment is a “cocktail” of drugs
drug therapy is aimed at suppressing the HIV virus and preventing replication of as long as possible.

**no drug will actually cure AIDS

Question 13

Zidovudine = AZT

Answer 13

will not cure or prevent HIV infection or AIDS, however, it helps keep HIV from reproducing and appears to slow down the destruction of the immune system.

Question 14

Nucleoside Analog Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NARTIS OR NUKES”

Answer 14

are drugs which prevent HIV from replicating by blocking the viral reverse transcriptase enzyme which changes HIV’s genetic material RNA into DNA

Question 15

NON-Nucleoside Revers Transcriptase Inhibitors NNRTI OR NON-NUKES

Answer 15

are drugs which directly bind to the reverse transcriptase enzyme (at sites separate from the nucleoside binding site)

** these drugs stop HIV from multiplying by blocking the reverse transcriptase enzyme. This enzyme changes HIV’s genetic material RNA into the form of DNA

Question 16

Protease Inhibitors (PIs)

Answer 16

introduce in 1995, are the most potent class of HIV antiviral drugs. they target the viral protease enzyme

Question 17

HAART

Answer 17

Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ( 3-4 drugs combination to treat HIV. now the preferred for all AIDS patients.

Question 18

Atripla

Answer 18

in 2006 the FDA approved

3 drugs combination to treat AIDS

Question 19

Cachexia

Answer 19

or Wasting Syndrome is seen in many pt with severe chronic illnesses such as rheumatoid arthritis, cancer and AIDS.

Question 20

Megace (megestrol)

Answer 20

drug for wasting syndrome

Question 21

Dronabinol (Marinol)

Answer 21

drug for Wasting Syndrome

Question 22

Marijuana ( or cannabis)

Answer 22

is famous for causing the munchies - drug for Wasting Syndrome

Question 23

C. albicans

Answer 23

can cause thrush

Question 24

OTC clotrimazole

Answer 24

cream for yeast infections

Question 25

Nystatin (Mycostatin)

Answer 25

is one the first effective antifungal drugs comes from the New York State health dept.

Question 26

Neosporin

Answer 26

Miconazole nitrate use to treat athlete’s foot

Question 27

Miconazole and clotrimazole

Answer 27

ingredients for anti-fungal products for athletes foot, jock itch…etc.

Question 28

hydrocortisone

Answer 28

not treating fungal infections but it helps with the symtoms

Question 29

fluconazole (Diflucan)

Terbinafine (Lamisil)

Answer 29

are less toxic use to treat systemic fungal infections

Question 30

Zanamivir (Relenza) and Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)

Answer 30

Neuraminidase inhibitors were approved in 1999 - treat influeza.

Question 31

LAIV (FluMist)

Answer 31

By far the best drug for influenza