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Zak, RSM > Anti-Retroviral Pharm > Flashcards

Anti-Retroviral Pharm Flashcards

1
Q

What drugs are in the Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTIs) class?

A

Delavirdine, Efavirenz, Nevirapine, Etravirine, Rilpivirine

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2
Q

What is the MOA of NNRTIs?

A

Bind HIV reverse transcriptase causing inhibition of RNA/DNA-dependent DNA polymerase

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3
Q

How is resistance created to NNRTIs?

A

Point mutations that alter NNRTI binding

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4
Q

What is the main SE of Delavirdine?

A

Skin rash

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5
Q

What are the SE’s of Efavirenz?

A

CNS issues
Skin rash
Hypercholesterolemia

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6
Q

What are the SE’s of Nevirapine?

A

Rash

Liver toxicity

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7
Q

What are the SE’s of Etravirine*?

A

Rash
Nausea
Diarrhea

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8
Q

What are the SE’s of Rilpivirine*?

A 
Rash
Depression
HA
Insomnia
Increased aminotransferases
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9
Q

Which NNRTI can be used to prevent transmission from mother to newborn?

A

Nevirapine

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10
Q

Which NNRTI can be used after the first 8 weeks of gestation?

A

Efavirenz

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11
Q

Which NNRTI can be used during all of pregnancy?

A

Rilpivirine

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12
Q

What is the suffix of the drugs in the Protease Inhibitor (PI) class?

A

-navir

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13
Q

What is the MOA of the PIs?

A

Block HIV proteases –> prevention of maturation of proteins that make up virion core

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14
Q

Which PIs can be used during pregnancy?

A

Atazanavir/Darunavir (if boosted)

Lopinavir

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15
Q

What are the SE’s of Atazanavir?

A

Diarrhea, nausea, skin rash, jaundice

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16
Q

What are the SE’s of Darunavir?

A

Rash, sulfa hypersensativity

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17
Q

What are the SE’s of Fosamprenavir?

A

HA, nausea, diarrhea, depression, sulfa hypersensitivity

18
Q

What are the SE’s of Indinavir?

A

Hyperbilirubinemia (jaundice), nephrolithiasis

19
Q

What must the pt do to avoid stone formation when taking Indinavir?

A

Drink lots of water

20
Q

How is Darunavir given?

A

Co-administered with Ritonavir or Cobicistat

21
Q

What are the SE’s of Lopinavir?

A

None

22
Q

What are the SE’s of Nelfinavir, Ritonavir, and Saquinavir?

A

GI issues

23
Q

What are the SE’s of Tipranavir?

A

GI issues, maculopapular rash, sulfa hypersensitivity

24
Q

Which PIs should not be given to pts with sulfa allergies?

A

Darunavir, Fosamprenavir, Tipranavir

25
Q

Which PI is used mainly as a booster because it is a potent CYP450 inhibitor?

A

Ritonavir

26
Q

Which PI is used for Tx of Tx-experienced pts who have resistant HIV strains?

A

Tipranavir

27
Q

Which drug is in the Fusion Inhibitor class?

A

Enfuvirtide

28
Q

What is the MOA of Enfuvirtide?

A

Binds gp41 preventing fusion of viral envelope to host cell membrane

29
Q

How is resistance created to Enfuvirtide?

A

Mutations in gp41

30
Q

When is Enfuvirtide used?

A

As salvage Tx

31
Q

How is Enfuvirtide administered?

A

SubQ injection 2x daily

32
Q

What drug is in the Entry Inhibitor class?

A

Maraviroc

33
Q

What is the MOA of Maraviroc?

A

Binds CCR5 preventing viral entry into the host cell

34
Q

How is resistance created to Maraviroc?

A

Mutations in V3 loop of gp120

35
Q

What are the SE’s of Maraviroc?

A

Possible hepatotoxicity

36
Q

What is the suffix for the drugs in the Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor (INSTI) class?

A

-tegravir

37
Q

What is the MOA of INSTIs?

A

Inhibit integration of reverse-transcriptase HIV DNA into host DNA

38
Q

Which INSTI has some SE and what is the SE?

A

Dolutegravir;

Hypersensitivity rxn

39
Q

Which INSTI can be used during pregnancy?

A

Raltegravir

40
Q

Which INSTI is used for Tx of Tx-naive pts with HIV?

A

Dolutegravir

41
Q

Which INSTI requires a booster with Cobicistat?

A

Elvitegravir

Zak, RSM (14 decks)

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