Anti-Retroviral Drugs (HIV treatment)

Question 1

Abacavir*

Answer 1

-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI). Guanosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Respiratory*/ fever/rash/GI*-HLA-B 5701 polymorphism*

Question 2

Didanosine

Answer 2

-NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/ acidosis, lipoatrophy

Question 3

Emtricitabine*

Answer 3

NRTIs. Cystosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

Question 4

Lamivudine*

Answer 4

NRTIs. Cytosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Zidovudine

Question 5

Stavudine

Answer 5

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

Question 6

Tenofovir*

Answer 6

NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Renal toxicity*

Question 7

Zidovudine*

Answer 7

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Lamivudine

Question 8

Rank in order of NRTIs toxicity, one being the most toxic

Answer 8

Didanosine>Stavudine>Zidovudine>>>Tenofovir=Lamivudine=Emtricitabine=Abacavir

Question 9

Delavirdine

Answer 9

Non-Nuceoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI) -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

Question 10

Efavirenz

Answer 10

NNRTI SE: Dont use with pregnancy -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

Question 11

Etravirine

Answer 11

NNRTI -Works against K103N mutation* -Toxicity: Hepatic

Question 12

Nevirapine

Answer 12

NNRTI -SE: Steven Johnson -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic -Uses:Single dose to prevent maternal-fetal transmission

Question 13

Rilpivirine

Answer 13

NNRTI Uses: with pregnancy -Toxicity: Hepatic

Question 14

Preferred regimen in HIV pregnant women

Answer 14

Zidovudine/Lamivudine (2 NRTIs) and Lopinavir/ritonavir (2 PIs)

Question 15

Darunavir*

Answer 15

Protease Inhibitor (PI) -SE: Sulfonamides, Liver toxicity -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

Question 16

fosamprenavir*

Answer 16

PI -SE: Sulfonamides, lipodystrophy

Question 17

amprevavir

Answer 17

PI

Question 18

tipranavir

Answer 18

PI -BBW: Hepatitis, intracranial hemorrhage -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

Question 19

Atazanavir

Answer 19

PI

Question 20

Lopinavir

Answer 20

PI

Question 21

Fos-amprenavir

Answer 21

PI -Pro-drug for amprenavir

Question 22

idinavir

Answer 22

PI -SE: Kidney stones*

Question 23

Nelfinavir

Answer 23

PI

Question 24

Saquinavir

Answer 24

PI

Question 25

Raltegravir

Answer 25

Integrase inhibitor -Low impact on Lipids\*

Question 26

Maraviroc

Answer 26

-Treatment for those with multi drug resistance -Requires CCR5

Question 27

Enfuvirtide

Answer 27

Fusion inhibitor -Injectable

Question 28

-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI). Guanosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Respiratory\*/ fever/rash/GI\*-HLA-B 5701 polymorphism\*

Answer 28

Abacavir\*

Question 29

-NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/ acidosis, lipoatrophy

Answer 29

Didanosine

Question 30

NRTIs. Cystosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

Answer 30

Emtricitabine\*

Question 31

NRTIs. Cytosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Zidovudine

Answer 31

Lamivudine\*

Question 32

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

Answer 32

Stavudine

Question 33

NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Renal toxicity\*

Answer 33

Tenofovir\*

Question 34

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Lamivudine

Answer 34

Zidovudine\*

Question 35

Didanosine\>Stavudine\>Zidovudine\>\>\>Tenofovir=Lamivudine=Emtricitabine=Abacavir

Answer 35

Rank in order of NRTIs toxicity, one being the most toxic

Question 36

Non-Nuceoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI) -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

Answer 36

Delavirdine

Question 37

NNRTI SE: Dont use with pregnancy -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

Answer 37

Efavirenz

Question 38

NNRTI -Works against K103N mutation\* -Toxicity: Hepatic

Answer 38

Etravirine

Question 39

NNRTI -SE: Steven Johnson -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic -Uses:Single dose to prevent maternal-fetal transmission

Answer 39

Nevirapine

Question 40

NNRTI Uses: with pregnancy -Toxicity: Hepatic

Answer 40

Rilpivirine

Question 41

Zidovudine/Lamivudine (2 NRTIs) and Lopinavir/ritonavir (2 PIs)

Answer 41

Preferred regimen in HIV pregnant women

Question 42

Protease Inhibitor (PI) -SE: Sulfonamides, Liver toxicity -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

Answer 42

Darunavir\*

Question 43

PI -SE: Sulfonamides, lipodystrophy

Answer 43

fosamprenavir\*

Question 44

PI

Answer 44

amprevavir

Question 45

PI -BBW: Hepatitis, intracranial hemorrhage -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

Answer 45

tipranavir

Question 46

PI

Answer 46

Atazanavir

Question 47

PI

Answer 47

Lopinavir

Question 48

PI -Pro-drug for amprenavir

Answer 48

Fos-amprenavir

Question 49

PI -SE: Kidney stones\*

Answer 49

idinavir

Question 50

PI

Answer 50

Nelfinavir

Question 51

PI

Answer 51

Saquinavir

Question 52

Integrase inhibitor -Low impact on Lipids\*

Answer 52

Raltegravir

Question 53

-Treatment for those with multi drug resistance -Requires CCR5

Answer 53

Maraviroc

Question 54

Fusion inhibitor -Injectable

Answer 54

Enfuvirtide