Animal Bites Flashcards
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) General
Gram Negative coccobacilli, non motile
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Animal bite
50% of dog bites 70% of cat bites Normal oral flora of dogs and cats
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) toxins
Toxin producing LPS
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Clinical Manifestations
Localized cellulitis and lymphadenitis Complications: celluitis, abscess formation, tenosynovitis, osteomyelitis (cat), septic arthritis (cat)
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Treatment
Susceptible to several antibiotics
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus General
Capnophilic (requires CO2) Gram Neg fusiform bacilli
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Animal Bite
Oral flora of dogs
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Toxins
Produces a substance that modifies polymorphonuclear cell chemotactic activity
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Clinical
Septicemia and meningitis
Baceroides (b. fragilis) General
Gram neg slender bacilli anaerobic
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Toxins
Polysaccharide capsule LPS Produces Superoxide Dismutase (can survive in oxygen)
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Clinical
Involved in polymicrobial infections, causes disease when introduced into other tissues following trauma (sinus/ear, abscesses, skin/soft tissue, gynecologic)
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Diagnosis
BBE MEDIA
Actinomyces General
Gram Positive Bacilli Filamentous Slow growing Colonize oropharynx anaerobic
Actinomyces Clinical
Causes disease if introduced into sites following tissue damage
Fusobacterium General
Gram Negative Bacilli, pleomorphic Normal flora of URT and GI anaerobic
Fusobacterium Clinical
Causes disease following tissue damage, polymicrobial infections
Eikenella Corrodens General
HACEK Gram Neg Bacilli Fastidious (doesn’t grow well), pleomorphic Facultative anaerobe BLEACH SMELL -Normal flora of oropharynx and upper respiratory tract
Eikenella Corrodens Animal Bite
Human bite infections, IV drug users who lick their needles
Eikenella Corrodens Lab diagnosis
Oxidase positive Catalase negative Urease negative Indole negative
Eikenella Corrodens Dx/Treatment
Resistant to antibiotics GROWTH ON PITTED AGAR
Peptostreptococci General
Anaerobic gram + cocci, Fastidious, difficult to isolate, slow growth
Peptostreptococci Animal Bite
Normal flora HUMAN BITES
Peptostreptococci Clinical
Polymicrobial infections, sinusitis, osteomyelitis, abscesses, wounds,obstetrical and gynecological infections, sepsis
Peptostreptococci Dx
Need anaerobic media for growth, prolonged culture
Gram Negative coccobacilli, non motile
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) General
50% of dog bites 70% of cat bites Normal oral flora of dogs and cats
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Animal bite
Toxin producing LPS
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) toxins
Localized cellulitis and lymphadenitis Complications: celluitis, abscess formation, tenosynovitis, osteomyelitis (cat), septic arthritis (cat)
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Clinical Manifestations
Susceptible to several antibiotics
Pasturella (P. multocida, P. canis) Treatment
Capnophilic (requires CO2) Gram Neg fusiform bacilli
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus General
Oral flora of dogs
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Animal Bite
Produces a substance that modifies polymorphonuclear cell chemotactic activity
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Toxins
Septicemia and meningitis
Capnocytophaga Canimorsus Clinical
Gram neg slender bacilli anaerobic
Baceroides (b. fragilis) General
Polysaccharide capsule LPS Produces Superoxide Dismutase (can survive in oxygen)
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Toxins
Involved in polymicrobial infections, causes disease when introduced into other tissues following trauma (sinus/ear, abscesses, skin/soft tissue, gynecologic)
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Clinical
BBE MEDIA
Baceroides (b. fragilis) Diagnosis
Gram Positive Bacilli Filamentous Slow growing Colonize oropharynx anaerobic
Actinomyces General
Causes disease if introduced into sites following tissue damage
Actinomyces Clinical
Gram Negative Bacilli, pleomorphic Normal flora of URT and GI anaerobic
Fusobacterium General
Causes disease following tissue damage, polymicrobial infections
Fusobacterium Clinical
HACEK Gram Neg Bacilli Fastidious (doesn’t grow well), pleomorphic Facultative anaerobe BLEACH SMELL -Normal flora of oropharynx and upper respiratory tract
Eikenella Corrodens General
Human bite infections, IV drug users who lick their needles
Eikenella Corrodens Animal Bite
Oxidase positive Catalase negative Urease negative Indole negative
Eikenella Corrodens Lab diagnosis
Resistant to antibiotics GROWTH ON PITTED AGAR
Eikenella Corrodens Dx/Treatment
Anaerobic gram + cocci, Fastidious, difficult to isolate, slow growth
Peptostreptococci General
Normal flora HUMAN BITES
Peptostreptococci Animal Bite
Polymicrobial infections, sinusitis, osteomyelitis, abscesses, wounds,obstetrical and gynecological infections, sepsis
Peptostreptococci Clinical
Need anaerobic media for growth, prolonged culture
Peptostreptococci Dx