Antebellum, Civil War and Reconstruction: Reconstruction Flashcards
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstructions
-First attempt at Reconstruction made by Lincoln
-all Confederates will be given full pardon if they give an Oath of Allegiance and accept emancipation
-state governments could be reestablished as soon as 10% of the state voters took the oath
Wade-Davis Bill
-2nd attempt at Reconstruction not made by Lincoln
-state governments could be reestablished if 50% of the state votes took the oath of allegiance
-only citizens who did not serve in the Confederate army or government could vote
-Lincoln vetoed this bill
President Andrew Johnson
-Democratic
-hates plantation owners but will side with them with racism
-takes over Reconstruction and Congress is not happy
Freedmen’s Bureau
a welfare agency that provided food, shelter, land, and medical care for black and white Americans damaged by the war
-Johnson ended this for he was racist and wanted to focus on education
Radical Republicans
wanted to make sure African Americans had a “fair shot” at freedom through military rule
13th Amendment
ended slavery in America
Civil Rights Act of 1866
-stated African Americans were citizens
-as citizens, their rights would not be taken away
Results of the Civil Rights Act of 1866
-Republicans worried that Democrats would overturn the Act if they returned to power
-the 14th Amendment was created
14th Amendment
-all people born in the US are citizens
-states have to provide equal protection of the law and if not federal government would step in
-arguably the most important Amendment created
Black Codes
-granted some rights to African Americans (own property, marry, make contracts)
-limited the rights as well (labor laws, could not testify in court)
Sharecropping
a corrupt system where a landlord provided the seeds and farm supplied an African American needed to start their own farm. The landlord asked in return a share of the harvest
What did groups like the KKK forming make Congress need to do?
Congress would need to go farther in making a change in laws and government
Reconstruction Act of 1867
-split the South into 5 military districts
-military troops ensure that African Americans have rights and are safe
Radical Republicans want Andrew Johnson out of office. What do they try to do?
Impeach him
15th Amendment
African American (men) have the right to vote
President Grant and Congress result of the KKK
-more troops in the South
-pass the Force Acts
Force Acts
-make it possible to convict members of the KKK
-leaves Southern governments fragile to forces out of their control
-weakens government
-causes many in the South to support the KKK
result of troops in the South
-African Americans feel safe
-Republicans dominate state governments in the South
Scalawags
a group of Southern Republicans
Carpetbaggers
Northerners who moved South after the war
What do the Scalawags and Carpetbaggers do? What is the result of this?
-form a political alliance with freed African Americans
-African Americans have roles in politics (Senators)
How do Black communities thrive in Reconstruction?
they form Churches, schools, move into the city because of protection
Credit Mobilier
a system of giving stocks to Congressmen to avoid investigation on profits on the Transcontinental Railroad
Corrupt in the Reconstructions
-politics in the North and South
-people see Grant as corrupt
-state governments
An image that ab African American-run government is poorly run, corrupt, and cannot be properly run. What does the image do?
This image feeds into racist and white begin to regain power in the South
Panic of 1873
-bank declares bankrupt
-the poor are on their own
What do Democrats do after the Panic of 1873?
-regain South
-put restrictions on African Americans
The Compromise of 1877
-Rutherford B. Hayes wins Presidential election with the cost of Federal troops leave the South
-Reconstruction ends
Good things of reconstruction
-African Americans were involved in politics
-African American communities thrived
-Public School system was created in the South
Bad things of reconstruction
-African Americans were assaulted
-Racism in the South returned
-rumor of “African Americans could not handle freedom”
