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APUSH > America on the World Stage > Flashcards

America on the World Stage Flashcards

1
Q

What purchase did William Seward make?

A

He bought Alaska from Russia (Seward’s Folly). Many saw this as dumb and a waste of money

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2
Q

Who believes that the US can be a world power?

A

Republicans

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3
Q

Alfred Thayer Mahan’s “The Influence of Sea Power Upon History”

A

-America needs a powerful navy
-Islands (Hawaii) will help with this

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4
Q

Imperialism

A

taking over other nations

Social Darwinism, religion, the press make this popular

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5
Q

What does the Monroe Doctrine do to help Imperialism?

A

(Europe cannot colonize America)

-people use this as an excuse to interfere with Latin American affairs
-says this will benefit America

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6
Q

More people opposed American Imperialism. But the wealthy controlled the country, so Imperialism was supported.

A

…

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7
Q

Why did many oppose American Imperialism?

A

-self-determination (America should be allowed to govern themselves, and themselves only)

-rejected racial theories of the time

-support for Isolationism (American should stay by themselves and not engage in foreign affairs)

-too expensive

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8
Q

American elites push for the Spanish-American War

A

…

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9
Q

Jingoism

A

an intense form of patriotism, attention towards foreign policy

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10
Q

Things that sparked the Spanish-American War

A

-Cuban Revolt

-Yellow Journalism (fake news)

-De Lome Letter (Spanish Ambassador letter leaked, calling President of the time a fool)

-USS Maine sinks in Havana, Cuba (fake news said Spain was the blame for this)

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11
Q

Spanish-American War

A

-America and Spain fight

-America gains Guam, Puerto Rico, and Philippines because of the Treaty of Paris of 1898

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12
Q

Reasons why America wins Spanish-American War

A

-Theodore Roosevelt wins at Rough Riders

-The Buffalo Soldiers (African American troop) win

-overwhelming technical superiority

-US Navy captures Havana

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13
Q

How was the Treaty of Paris of 1898 debated in Congress?

A

-did the annexing of the Philippines violate the principles that founded America?

-was it going against the values of an American?

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14
Q

Insular Cases held by the Supreme Court

A

the US flag in territories does not bring US citizens rights to that territory unless Congress gave it to them

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15
Q

Platt Amendment 1901

A

Cuba is just above a territory to the US

-they must keep a military base open for the US

-the US forces Cuba to be a “puppet” of the government

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16
Q

European Powers (Russia, Japan, Britain, France, Germany) created the “Spheres of Influences” where they dominate all trade and investments in China. The US wants in on this.

A

…

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17
Q

the Open Door Policy

A

all nations should have equal trading privileges in China (free trade)

-it could be beneficial to the US and other countries

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18
Q

Boxer Rebellion

A

US and European Powers further weakened China

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19
Q

What does Roosevelt want to do as President?

A

-wants to use the power of office for action in the country and world stage

-wants to be a man of the moment

-will have a vision of how government will work

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20
Q

Roosevelt really wanted to Panama Canal to be built

A

…

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21
Q

Roosevelt Corollary

A

the US had the responsibility to preserve order and protect life and property in those in Latin America

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22
Q

Gentlemen’s Agreement

A

Japan limits immigration to the US

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23
Q

Why does Roosevelt send of the Great War Fleet?

A

to display America’s growing naval power

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24
Q

Roosevelt’s Square Deal

A

-Roosevelt sides with labor

-negotiating new labor rights

-Roosevelt broke up railroad trust, went after Standard Oil and other large companies

-Roosevelt believes in “Good Trusts” (good for the public) and “Bad Trusts” (bad for the public)

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25
Elkins Act
strengthens the Interstate Commerce Act (limits power of large companies, railroads)
26
Hepburn Act
brings railroads rater under proper guidelines
27
Pure Food and Drug Fact and Meat Inspection Act
both bring standards to American food because journalists recognize issues with food
28
What did Roosevelt do to protect the land/nature?
He created national parks and uses the Federal Governments to protect the lands
29
what helps the Progressive Movement?
-attention brought to the public through media, political leadership -middle-class people agree that society needs to change through reform
30
Muckrakers
investigative journalists who wrote about corruption in American society (ex. Standard Oil, meat corporations, living poor, unfair industries
31
Muckrakers and Journalists helped created support for reforms by bringing this attention to the public. (but they made bad things seem significantly worse than they actually were)
...
32
Goals and beliefs of the National American Women Suffrage Association
-get rights throughout the states by going state by state -from there they will move on to a national level -believed that upper, middle-class, white women were the backbone of a progressive, democratic society because of Motherhood (they are raising men to run the country so they should have a say)
33
Progressive Causes
-political -initiative -referendum -recall -municipal reforms
34
Political reforms from the Progressive Era
-secret ballots -direct primaries -direct election of US Senators (17th Ammendment)
35
Initiative reforms from the Progressive Era
state legislatures were forced to consider a bill in to forming
36
Referendum reforms from the Progressive Era
citizens were allowed to vote on proposed laws
37
Recall reforms from the Progressive Era
voters were able to remove (recall) a politician from office (it was difficult but possible)
38
Municipal reforms from the Progressive Era
controlled public utilities, etc (it is the cities job for these issues)
39
Temperance and Prohibition movment
-sought to end the sale of alcohol in America -people believed American society will improve if there is no alcohol in America -led by Carrie Nation
40
National Child Labor Committee
ended Child Labor and required children to go to school
41
National Consumer's League led by Florence Kelly
wanted to pass state laws to limit workday to 10 hours
42
Lochner V. New York (1905)
ruled a 10 hour workday to be illegal and it hurt business industry
43
Muller V. Oregon (1908)
ruled women were weaker so they could only work 10 hour workday
44
Triangle Shirtwaist Fire
improves safety and working conditions in factories
45
Mann-Elkins Act
further strengthens the Interstate commerce act
46
16th Amendment
congress can collect tax on income
47
New Freedom Plan
ends corruption and brings support to small businesses by limiting the big businesses and governments
48
Things Wilson did as President
-reduced tariff (Underwood Tariff) -created federal reserve (one central bank)
49
Wilson on the World Stage
-wanted to show that he opposed self-interested Imperialism -granted the Philippines full territorial status through the Jones Act -granted those in Puerto Rico US Citizenship -gave Nicaragua, Haiti, and Dominican Republic self-government (their own country) -avoided many foreign affairs
50
"MAIN" reasons of WW1
-Militarism (build up of European navies, armies) -Alliances (many secret alliances between nations) -Imperialism (everyone wants power, no one will back down) -Nationalism (belief that one country is superior of others)
51
Allied Powers v. Central Powers
Allied: Great Britain, France, Russia Central: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Ottoman Empire (Turkey)
52
WW1 was first modern war of the time, many casualties, both sides knew it would be a draw unless America
...
53
Freedom of the Seas
America should be able to trade with both sides fighting, via shipping, but Britain blockades Germany, preventing them from shipping
54
Submarine Warefare
German navy has success with its fleet of submarines until they sink many American ships, this causes Wilson to turn support against them
55
What caused America to enter WW1 on the Allied side?
-Zimmerman Telegram (between Germany and Mexico) -Russian Revolution -unrestricted submarine warefare
56
US Navy and its "convoy system"
made sure allies could not be taken control by German U-Boats
57
American Expeditionary Force (Army) led by John Pershing
American troops have a rough start, but they are optimistic, tanks help in success
58
Germany surrenders, they recognize that US have a balance of power
...
59
Woodrow Wilson's 14 points
"peace without victory" with the European powers -13 were negotiable -the 14, the League of Nations was not
60
The Treaty of Versailles dominated by the Big Four (France, GB, USA, Italy)
-3 European powers took advantage of Wilson, they wanted Germany to pay for the war costs -formed the League of Nations (but it was not allowed in the US, so US makes separate treaty with Germany)
61
Federal Government was the reason for WW1 success
...
62
Committee on Public Information led by George Creel
propaganda that played up heroism of US Soldiers and villanized Germans
63
Espionage (1917) and Sedition (1918) Acts
made it illegal to criticize the government war efforts
64
Selective Service Act (1917)
instituted the military draft
65
Racism in the Failure of the Progressive Era
-Great Migration -D.W. Griffith's "the Birth of a Nation" was racist -African Americans who campaigned for Civil Rights were seen as communist -tension between white and blacks over job, housing, etc
66
the Red Summer of 1919
-Africans who served no longer want to accept Racism and are more willing to confront it -countless times where blacks attacked whites over racism -Tulsa Race Massacre of 1921
67
the Red Scare 1919-1920
-Communist takes over Russian, scared the same thing could happen in the US -the public and government wants action taken against the threats of communism in America
68
"Palmer Raids" by Attorney General A. Mitchel Palmer and J. Edgar Hoover
-leads this against those suspected of communism (it turns out these people are immigrants) -they promise a bloody uprising of May Day 1920, but nothing happens. They lose the trust of the people
69
Unions are now seen as communist
this causes the country to turn from them. Progressive Era is over

APUSH (16 decks)

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