ankle fracture

Question 1

what are the Injury patterns in ankle fracure?

Answer 1

1. isolated medial malleolus fracture
2. isolated lateral malleolus fracture
3. bimalleolar and bimalleolar-equivalent fractures
4. posterior malleolus fractures
5. Bosworth fracture-dislocations
6. open ankle fractures
7. associated syndesmotic injuries
8. isolated syndesmosis injury

Question 2

Nonoperative treatment ankle fracture

Answer 2

short-leg walking cast/boot

indications

1. isolated nondisplaced medial malleolus fracture or tip avulsions
2. isolated lateral malleolus fracture with < 3mm displacement and no talar shift
3. posterior malleolar fracture with < 25% joint involvement or < 2mm step-off