Animal Responses

Question 1

What is the CNS made up of?

Answer 1

The brain and the spinal cord

Question 2

What is the PNS made up of?

Answer 2

The neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body

Question 3

What does the somatic nervous system control?

Answer 3

Conscious activities

Question 4

What does the autonomic nervous system control?

Answer 4

Unconscious activities

Question 5

What does the sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 5

Gets the body ready for action - fight or flight

Question 6

What does sympathetic neurons release?

Answer 6

The neurotransmitter noradrenaline

Question 7

What does the Paris sympathetic nervous system do?

Answer 7

Calms the body down by parasympathetic neurons releasing the neurotransmitter acetylcholine

Question 8

What does the hypothalamus control and where is it on the brain?

Answer 8

Temperature - Just beneath the middle part of the brain

Question 9

What does the cerebrum control and where is it on the brain?

Answer 9

Allows you to see, hear, learn and think - the largest part of the brain (top)

Question 10

What does the pituitary gland control and where is it on the brain?

Answer 10

Hormone release by body glands - beneath the hypothalamus under the middle part of the brain

Question 11

What does the medulla control and where is it on the brain?

Answer 11

Breathing and heart rate - at the top of the spinal cord

Question 12

What does the cerebellum control and where is it on the brain?

Answer 12

Muscle coordination, posture and balance - Large mass at the back of the brain underneath the cerebrum

Question 13

What is a reflex?

Answer 13

A rapid automatic response to a stimulus

Question 14

What are two examples of reflexes?

Answer 14

The blinking reflex and the knee-jerk reflex

Question 15

What is the blinking reflex?

Answer 15

Automatically blinking when your body detect something in it could damage your eyes - quickly close eyelid to protect eye, then open again

Question 16

What is the knee-jerk reflex?

Answer 16

Straightens your leg if body detects quadriceps are stretched suddenly

Question 17

What is the process of the blinking reflex

Answer 17

1) nerve endings in cornea are stimulated
2) impulse sent to CNS
3) impulse pass from relay neuron to motor neuron
4) motor neuron sends impulse to effectors and eyelids close to prevent damage

Question 18

What is the process of the knee-jerk reflex?

Answer 18

1) stretch receptors in quadriceps detect muscle is being stretched
2) nerve impulse sent along sensory neuron and communicates with motor neuron in spinal cord
3) Motor neuron carries impulse to the effector and quadriceps contract to move leg forward quickly