angiosperms

Question 1

what did angiosperms evolve as?

Answer 1

flowers

Question 2

gymnosperms were the dominant type of plant during what time period? angiosperms were the dominant type of plant during what period?

Answer 2

gymnosperms: mesozoic, dinosaur age
angiosperms: tertiary period

Question 3

when did angiosperms start to become the abundant plant species?

Answer 3

the end of the crustaceous period

Question 4

there is a large ___________ of angiosperms

Answer 4

radiation (diversification)

Question 5

what are the characteristics of angiosperms? (3)

Answer 5

1. one phylum
2. make up the vast majority of seed plants
3. some of the smallest and largest plants

Question 6

what are angiosperms reproductive structures?

Answer 6

flowers and fruits

Question 7

what are the two classifications of flowers?

Answer 7

monoecious and dioecious

Question 8

what are monoecious plants?

Answer 8

male and female flowers are on the same plant

Question 9

what are dioecious plants?

Answer 9

male and female flowers are on different plants

Question 10

flowers are modified ____________ that are still apart of the ______________?

Answer 10

sporophylls; sporophyte

Question 11

the male organ of a flower is called the?

Answer 11

stamen

Question 12

what are the two parts of the stamen?

Answer 12

anther and filament

Question 13

where are spores and pollen produced?

Answer 13

the anther

Question 14

what process occurs in the male organ of the pollen grain?

Answer 14

microsporangium makes microspores which mature into male gametophyte which produce sperm

Question 15

the female organ of a flower is called the?

Answer 15

carpel

Question 16

what is the function of the carpel?

Answer 16

protect and nourish the female gametophyte

Question 17

what are the three parts of the carpel?

Answer 17

stigma, style and ovary

Question 18

which part of the carpel acts as the pollen tube?

Answer 18

style

Question 19

what process occurs in the female organ?

Answer 19

megasporangium makes megaspores which mature into the female gametophyte which the becomes the egg

Question 20

is the gametophyte dependent on the sporophyte?

Answer 20

yes!

Question 21

what does the female gametophyte develop within?

Answer 21

an ovule

Question 22

what does the pollen grain on the stigma do?

Answer 22

germinate

Question 23

what occurs when the pollen tube discharges two sperm cells? where are the sperm cells discharged to?

Answer 23

double fertilization; into the female gametophyte within the ovule

Question 24

how many sperm fertilize the egg?

Answer 24

one

Question 25

what happens to the sperm that do not fertilize the gg?

Answer 25

initiates develop food-storing endosperm

Question 26

the _______ endosperm nourishes the __________ ______________

Answer 26

triploid; developing embryo

Question 27

what are the three adaptive advantages to angiosperm style fertilization

Answer 27

1. food stored for the embryo (endosperm) develops only after fertilization
2. female gametophyte reduced in size and is cheaper to make
3. production of the small female gametophyte only take a few days to make

Question 28

what is the fruit? what does it act as?

Answer 28

mature ovary containing the seeds that acts as a container for the angiosperm

Question 29

what does fruit protect? what does it aid?

Answer 29

protects dormant seeds and aids dispersal

Question 30

what do humans depend on angiosperms most for? what is another use?

Answer 30

food ! drugs/pharmaceutical products

Question 31

how do angiosperms have pollination occur?

Answer 31

through animals and insects