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P&T > Anemia > Flashcards

Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of anemia in males

A
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2
Q

Why men have more oxygen carrying capacity than women

A

Testosterone production drives hemoglobin synthesis

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3
Q

The percent of blood that is RBCs compared to plasma

A

Hematocrit

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4
Q

Hemoglobin and hematocrit levels in acute blood loss

A

Normal at 1st but low after fluid recessitation

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5
Q

Lysis of erythrocytes

A

Hemolysis

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6
Q

2 groups of antibodies that commonly cause hemolysis

A
  1. ITP, TTP (thrombocytopenia purpura)

2. Transfusion mismatch

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7
Q

Why hemoglobin measurement is unreliable in hemolysis

A

When cells break they dump hemoglobin into the plasma

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8
Q

Broken cells/ RBC fragments seen on a peripheral smear that indicate that hemolysis is occuring

A

Schistocytes

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9
Q

A circulating protein whose function is to bind and transport free (from lysed RBCs) to the blood forming organs (liver and bone marrow) for recycling of iron

A

Haptoglobin

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10
Q

2 things that low haptoglobin can indicate

A
  1. Liver isn’t functioning and cannot make new proteins

2. Hemolysis is occuring

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11
Q

3 vaccines needed for spleenectomy

A
  1. Prevnar
  2. Mennigitis
  3. Influenza
    (Incapsulated bacteria)
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12
Q

An abnormal recessive composition of alpha or beta hemoglobin chains in which abnormal RBCs are subject to lysis

A

Thalassemia

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13
Q

Morphologic classification of anemia due to Thalassemia

A

microcytic

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14
Q

RBC appearance in Thalassemia

A

looks like a target

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15
Q

Most common group of people to have Thalassemia

A

Individuals of African or Mediterranean origin

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16
Q

A recessive, X-linked SNP that renders RBC membranes susceptible to oxidative stress

A

G6PD deficiency

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17
Q

Morphologic classification of anemia due to G6PD deficiency

A

Normocytic

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18
Q

Hematocrit / RBC number (describes the mean size of a single RBC)

A

MCV (Mean Corpuscular Volume)

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19
Q

Normal MCV value

A

80 - 100 fl

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20
Q

Morphologic classification of anemia due to iron deficiency

A

Microcytic

21
Q

The abnormal, irresistible craving to eat weird stuff

A

Pica

22
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in males 14 - 18 y/o

A

11 mg/day

23
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in males > 18 y/o

A

8 mg/day

24
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in females 14 - 18 y/o

A

15 mg/day

25
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in females 19 - 50 y/o

A

18 mg/day

26
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in pregnancy

A

27 mg/day

27
Q

Recommended daily elemental iron in lactation

A

9 mg/day

28
Q

Carrier protein that carries iron

A

Transferrin

29
Q

1 microcytic anemias that commonly resemble iron deficiency

A
  1. Thalassemia

2. Chronic heavy metal exposure

30
Q

Usual treatment dose for iron deficiency

A

200 mg elemental iron per day

31
Q

Duration of iron therapy once hemoglobin has normalized

A

3 - 6 months

32
Q

% elemental iron in ferrous sulfate

A

20 %

33
Q

% elemental iron in ferrous gluconate

A

12%

34
Q

% elemental iron in ferrous fumarate

A

33%

35
Q

Morphologic classification of anemia due to Vitamin B12 deficiency

A

Macrocytic

36
Q

Autoimmune disease of gastric parietal cells with subsequent loss of intrinsic factor that causes inability to absorb Vit B12

A

Pernicious anemia

37
Q

Morphological classification of anemia in folate deficiency

A

macrocytic

38
Q

Classification of anemia in females

A
39
Q

The most populous WBCs that are the body’s primary defense mechanism against microbial invasion

A

Neutrophils

40
Q

Left shift in blood cells

A

The presence of immature forms of neutrophils in peripheral blood

41
Q

3 clinical concern in thrombocytosis

A

clotting, hemorrhage, migraine

42
Q

2 clinical concerns in thrombocytopenia

A

bleeding,hemorrhage

43
Q

4 clinical concerns with erythrocytosis/polycythemia

A

Increased blood viscosity
HTN
Thrombosis (clotting)
Bleeding

44
Q

High hemoglobin

A

polycythemia/erythrocytosis

45
Q

High eosinophils

A

Eosinophilia

46
Q

Clinical concerns with eosinophelia

A

clinically benign but concern about the underlying cause

47
Q

High WBCs

A

Leukocytosis

48
Q

Clinical concern with leukocytosis

A

Usually clinically benign unless extreme but concerned about underlying cause

49
Q

(% neutrophils + % bands) x WBC

A

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC)

P&T (18 decks)

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