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Anatomy (Upper Limb) Flashcards

1
Q

Nerve between tendons of flexor digitorum profundus and flexor pollicis Longus

A

AIN

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2
Q

Nerve of RADIAL half of FDP

A

AIN

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3
Q

Nerve to pronator quadratus

A

AIN

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4
Q

Muscle level supplied by AIN

A

Deep level of anterior compartment of forearm

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5
Q

With which nerve does median nerve communicate with in upper arm?

A

Musculocutaneous

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6
Q

Branches of median nerve in upper arm

A

No branches

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7
Q

Nerve used to pick something up off the ground by pronation and gripping

A

Median

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8
Q

Mnemonic of a LOAF in hand

A

Median nerve supply of hand muscles

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9
Q

Ape hand deformity occurs in-and because of

A

Carpal tunnel syndrome
Because of wasting of thenar eminence and loss of opposition

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10
Q

Number of muscles supplied by AIN.

A

3

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11
Q

In which level majority of sentinel axillary nodes are located and nerve encountered during dissection procedure

A

Level 1
Intercostobrachial nerve

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12
Q

Floor of axilla

A

Subscapularis muscle

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13
Q

Fascia of Axilla

A

Clavipectoral fascia

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14
Q

Origin of subclavian vein

A

From the axillary vein at the outer border of first rib

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15
Q

Which nerve traverse the axillary nodes

A

Intercostobrachial

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16
Q

Attachment of extensor retinaculum

A

Medially pisiform and triquetral
Laterally end of radius

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17
Q

Structures superficial to extensor retinaculum

A

Cephalic vein
Basilic vein
Dorsal cuteneous branch of ulnar nerve
Superficial branch of radial nerve

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18
Q

Location of radial artery at wrist

A

Between lateral collateral ligament
And
Tendons of extensor pollicis Brevis and abductor pollicis longus

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19
Q

Origin level of AIN

A

Leaves just below the elbow

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20
Q

Course of radial nerve in axilla

A

Posterior to axillary artery
Lying on muscles—Subscapularis, Latissimus dorsi, teres major

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21
Q

Which nerve enters the arm between brachial artery and long head of triceps

A

RADIAL nerve

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22
Q

Sure of terminal branching of radial nerve

A

At the level of anterior of lateral epicondyle between BRACHIALIS and brachioradialis into superficial and deep branches

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23
Q

Origin of PIN

A

Deep terminal branch of radial nerve crosses the supinator and becomes the PIN

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24
Q

Muscles supplied by radial nerve

A

BEAT

ECRL-by main radial
ECRB-sometimes by main and sometimes by PIN

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25
Q

Nerve of supinator

A

PIN

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26
Q

Muscles supplied by PIN

A

Supinator
Extensor compartments 13456 (rad -uln)

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27
Q

What nerve injury will cause weak elbow flexion in mid prone position

A

Radial nerve inquiry at the level of forearm

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28
Q

What forms axillary sheath and it’s contents

A

It is a prolongation of Prevertebral fascia
Contents are
Brachial plexus
axillary artery and
Axillary vein

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29
Q

Which cord lies behind the first part of axillary artery

A

Medial

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30
Q

Which cord lies behind the second part of axillary artery

A

Posterior

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31
Q

Where and what cord separates the axillary artery from axillary vein

A

Medial cord behind pectoralis minor
(Second part of the axillary artery)

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32
Q

Nerve anteriorly to this party of axillary artery

A

Medial root of median nerve

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33
Q

Laterally and medially of third part of axillary artery

A

Medially axillary vein
Laterally median nerve

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34
Q

Branches of axillary artery

A

1st part-superior/highest thoracic artery
2nd-lateral thoracic, THORACOACROMIAL
3rd-Subscapular, anterior and posterior circumflex humeral

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35
Q

Origin of circumflex scapular artery and area of supply

A

It is a branch of Subscapular artery which is a branch of 3rd part of axillary artery
Supply: dorsal aspect of scapula

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36
Q

Function of radial nerve in action

A

When we fall on the ground we use our hands as shock absorber
(Extension of fingers, wrist and elbow)

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37
Q

What is arcade frohse and importance

A

Superficial party of supinator
PIN nerve may become entrapped (pinned) here

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38
Q

Nerve within supinator

A

PIN

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39
Q

Nerve supply of intercarpal joint at back of carpus

A

Small ganglion enlargement of PIN

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40
Q

Nerve supply of 4,5,6 extensor compartments of hand

A

Recurrent branch of PIN of radial nerve

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41
Q

Branches of ulnar nerve in upper arm

A

None

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42
Q

Function of ulnar nerve in action

A

Ape like gripping
(Without opposition)

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43
Q

Rock, Paper, Scissors, Ok
Nerves
Cause of dysfunction

A

Rock: median (finger flexion)
*Supracondylar fx of humerus, radioulnar fx
Paper
Radial nerve (finger extension)
*Humeral shaft fx, supracondylar fx
Scissor
Ulnar nerve (intrinsic hand muscles)
*Supracondylar, radioulnar
Ok
AIN (IP thumb flexion and DIP index flexion)
*Supracondylar, radioulnar

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44
Q

Course of ulnar nerve

A

Posteriomedial of arm>flexor compartment of forearm>along ulnar>beneath special Carpi ulnaris>within Guyon’s canal>superficial to flexor retinaculum>palm of hand

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45
Q

Origin and supply of PALMAR cuteneous nerve

A

From ulnar nerve at mid forearm
Supply skin of medial palm

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46
Q

Nerve to flexor pollicis brevis and importance

A

Superficial head

The recurrent branch of the median nerve innervates the superficial head of the flexor pollicis brevis muscle.
#Deep head /medial head
The deep branch of the ulnar nerve, which originates from spinal roots C8 and T1, innervates the deep head of the flexor pollicis brevis muscle. The deep head may also receive some innervation from the recurrent branch of the median nerve.

*Importance
For losing complete function (thumb flexion) both of those nerves have to be damaged

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47
Q

Which nerve passes deep to the bicipital aponeurosis

A

Median

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48
Q

Nerve between two heads of pronator teres

A

Median

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49
Q

Nerve deep to flexor digitorum superficialis

A

Median

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50
Q

Nerve between tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis and flexor Carpi radialis

A

Median

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51
Q

Nerve deep to tendon of palmaris Longus

A

Median

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52
Q

Branches of median nerve at upper arm

A

None

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53
Q

Mnemonic for median nerve function with action

A

Softly grab (FDS,lat.2FDP & FPoli.L) a piece of LOAF (hand muscles) by its undersurface (already supinated forearm) with keeping the wrist flexed to support them weight (FCR)
and then give it (pronators) to someones middle (median N.) of palm.

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54
Q

Is Carpal tunnel syndrome painful

A

Yes, carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) can be painful:

Pain
CTS can cause pain in the hand and fingers, especially in the thumb, index, middle, and ring fingers. Pain can also travel up the forearm to the shoulder.

Other symptoms
CTS can also cause tingling, numbness, burning, weakness, and clumsiness in the hand. Pain can be worse at night, interrupting sleep.

When pain occurs
Pain can occur when gripping objects, twisting a doorknob, lifting something heavy, or holding a phone to your ear.

When symptoms worsen
As CTS worsens, symptoms can occur more often and become worse.

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55
Q

Treatments for CTS

A

include:
Wearing a splint at night
Physical therapy — extension and flexion stretch -hold for 15 seconds for 5 times in a row
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) like aspirin, ibuprofen, Aleve, Tylenol, Advil, or Motrin
Corticosteroids to reduce inflammation
Ice packs or ice baths
Heat therapy

In severe cases, surgery may be necessary.

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56
Q

Which nerve injury will cause ULNAR deviation of wrist and injury location

A

Damage of median nerve at elbow

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57
Q

Which nerve injury will cause RADIAL deviation of wrist and injury location

A

Damage of ulnar nerve at elbow

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58
Q

muscles supplied by anterior interosseous nerve

A

Flexor pollicis longus: A deep forearm muscle

Flexor digitorum profundus: The lateral half of this muscle, which supplies tendons for the index and middle fingers

Pronator quadratus: A deep forearm muscle

Articular branches of the AIN supply the distal radioulnar and wrist joints.

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59
Q

Muscle attachment of upper end of radius

A

Biceps at tuberosity

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60
Q

Origin and insertion of supinator and neurovascular supply

A

Attachments: Originates from the lateral epicondyle of the humerus and the posterior surface of the ulna. Inserts onto the posterior surface of the radius

Innervated by deep radial
Blood by ulnar artery

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61
Q

What is supinator Longus

A

, there is no supinator longus muscle, but the term “supinator” can refer to any muscle that causes supination. In older texts, the brachioradialis was called the “supinator longus”, and the muscle now known as the supinator was called the “supinator brevis”.

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62
Q

Muscles attached to shaft off radius

A

Upper third
Supinator
FDS
FPL
Middle third
Pronator teres
Lower third
Pronator quadratus
Brachioradialis

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63
Q

Head of radius and head of ulna

A

R up
U down

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64
Q

Tendons in 3 grooves on dorsal surface is radial lower end

A

From radial to ulnar
Extensors of—
Carpi radialis Longus
Brevis
Pollicis Longus
Indices

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65
Q

Which nerve is overlapped by FCU and where

A

Ulnar
In mid forearm

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66
Q

What is Guyon’s canal and contents

A

It is a superficial layer from flexor retinaculum containing ULNAR nerve and artery

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67
Q

Relation among FDS, ulnar artery and ulnar nerve in distal 2/3 of forearm

A

Artery between them

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68
Q

Relation of ulnar artery to muscles of forearm

A

Lies on brachialis and FDP
Deep to pronator teres and FCU

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69
Q

What is Struthers’ ligament

A

Attached along medial humeral condyle and median nerve passes through it

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70
Q

Relation of median nerve to pronator teres

A

The nerve passes between superficial humeral and deep ulnar head of the muscle

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71
Q

Relation of pronator teres and ulnar artery

A

Ulnar artery passes deep to deep ulnar head of the muscle

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72
Q

What structure separates superficial median nerve from deep ulnar artery and their relation

A

Deep ulnar head of pronator teres
Relation
Median nerve is medial to ulnar artery for about 2.5 cm then crosses anteriorly to lie on radial side of it

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73
Q

Commonest site of humeral fracture

A

Surgical neck

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74
Q

Relation between anatomical and Surgical neck of humerus

A

Superiorly anatomical
Inferiorly surgical

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75
Q

Relation between greater and lesser tubercle of humerus

A

Greater superolateral
Lesser anterosuperior

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76
Q

Location of coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa

A

Coronoid anteroinferior
Olecranon posteroinferior

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77
Q

Articulation of scaphoid

A

scaphoid bone articulates with five bones
“rt palm anticlockwise”around it
Trapezium
Trapezoid
Head of capitate
Lunate
Radius
Radial tubercle

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78
Q

Origin of radial collateral carpal ligament

A

Radial tubercle,
Narrow strip between radial and trapezial surface

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79
Q

Joint affected by abductor pollicis Brevis

A

Abducts Carpometacarpal and metacarpophalangeal joints

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80
Q

Muscle responsible for typing movement of thumb

A

Abductor pollicis

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81
Q

Insertion of FCR

A

Front of bases of second and third metacarpals

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82
Q

Function of FCR

A

At wrist—
Flexion
Radial deviation/abduction
Radioulnar joints—
Pronation
Elbow joint —
Flexion

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83
Q

Insertion of FCU

A

Pisiform and base of fifth metacarpal

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84
Q

Structures passing through quadrangular space of shoulder

A

Axillary nerve and posterior circumflex humeral artery

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85
Q

Structures passing through triangular space of shoulder

A

Circumflex scapular artery

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86
Q

Structures passing BENEATH triangular interval/triceps hiatus of shoulder

A

Radial nerve
Profunda brachii artery

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87
Q

Root of axillary nerve

A

C5,6

88
Q

Common form of rotator cuff disease

A

Damage to supraspinatus muscle

89
Q

Defects of capsule of shoulder joint

A

Two
1. Biceps tendon
2. Below Subscapularis tendon

90
Q

Nerve at risk of anteroinferior dislocation of shoulder joint

A

Axillary
Because inferior extension of capsule is in close relation with axillary nerve

91
Q

Importance of inferior extension of joint capsule onto surgical neck of shoulder joint

A

Proximally sited osteomyelitis may progress into septic arthritis

92
Q

Function of Latissimus dorsi and teres major

A

Extension
Adduction
Medial rotation

93
Q

Function of Subscapularis

A

Medial rotation

94
Q

Function of posterior two rotator cuff muscles

A

Lateral rotation

95
Q

Subclavian artery
Parts
Branches

A

The subclavian artery has three parts and several branches:

Parts
The subclavian artery is divided into three parts based on its position relative to the anterior scalene muscle:

First part: Also known as the prescalene part, this part extends from the origin of the vessel to the medial border of the anterior scalene muscle.

Second part: Also known as the scalene part, this part lies behind the anterior scalene muscle.

Third part: Also known as the postscalene part, this part extends from the lateral margin of the anterior scalene muscle to the outer border of the first rib.

Branches
The subclavian artery has several branches, including:

Vertebral artery: The first and largest branch.

Internal thoracic artery: Divides into two terminal branches, the superior epigastric and the muscular phrenic artery.

Thyrocervical trunk: A branch of the subclavian artery.

Costocervical trunk: A branch of the subclavian artery.

Dorsal scapular artery: A branch of the subclavian artery that supplies the rhomboids.

The subclavian arteries supply blood to the upper body, including the head, neck, and arms. There is a subclavian artery on the left and right sides of the chest.

96
Q

Branches of thyrocervical trunk

A

Suprascapular
Transverse cervical
Inferior thyroid
Ascending cervical

97
Q

Branches of Costocervical trunk of subclavian artery

A

Highest intercoastal artery
Deep cervical artery

98
Q

Structures lying superficial to brachial plexus in neck

A

Platysma
Supraclavicular nerve
Inferior belly of omohyoid
Transverse cervical artery
Clavicle
Suprascapular vessels

99
Q

Where the basilic vein is Deep

A

Mid humerus

100
Q

Origin level of brachial artery

A

Lower border of teres major

101
Q

Which muscle is attached to anterior aspect of fibrous capsule of elbow joint

A

Sone fibers of brachialis

102
Q

Nerve supply of elbow joint

A

Musculocutaneous, medial, radial, ulnar

103
Q

Origin of trapezius

A

External occipital protuberance
Medial third of superior nuchal line
Ligamentum nuchae
C7 spine
Spines of all thoracic vertebrae with intervening interspinous ligaments

104
Q

Insertion of trapezius muscle

A

Clavicle -lateral third
Acromion -Medial third
Scapula -crest of spine

105
Q

Origin and insertion of lumbricals

A

From tendon of FDP
Into extensor hood mechanism

106
Q

Deepest muscular plane of palm

A

Adductor pollicis

107
Q

Parts of metacarpal

A

From proximal to distal
Base - Carpometacarpal
Body
Head - metacarpophalangeal

108
Q

Entry of radial nerve into arm and forearm

A

Into arm between brachial artery and long head of triceps
Into forearm between brachial and brachioradialis

109
Q

Origin point of PIN

A

Deep branch of radial nerve crosses the supinator and becomes the PIN

110
Q

Function of dorsal scapular nerve and injury

A

originates from the C5 spinal root

Function
The DSN supplies the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor muscles, which help to elevate and adduct the scapula towards the spine
Injury
ent
Symptoms
Exercises
Pain
Ultrasound
Function
Root value
Injury
বাঙলায় অনুসন্ধান করুন
ডোরসাল স্ক্যাপুলার নার্ভ

Search Labs | AI Overview

+7
The dorsal scapular nerve (DSN) is a motor nerve that supplies the muscles of the shoulder and upper back:

Origin
The DSN is a branch of the brachial plexus that usually originates from the C5 spinal root

Function
The DSN supplies the levator scapulae, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor muscles, which help to elevate and adduct the scapula towards the spine

Injury
Injury to the DSN can cause pain in the lower neck, upper and mid back, and shoulder region. Other symptoms include:

Abnormal or reduced shoulder movement

Winging of the shoulder blade

Difficulty drawing the shoulders together or backwards

Difficulty raising the arm fully upwards

111
Q

What separates brachial artery from median cubital vein at elbow

A

Bicipital aponeurosis

112
Q

Closely related vein with brachial artery in cubital fossa

A

Basilic vain lies medially

113
Q

Which muscle is inserted into posterior capsule of elbow joint

A

Triceps
Perfecting the capsule bring entrapped between olecranon process and olecranon fossa during elbow extension

114
Q

Initiator of extension of elbow joint from full flexion

A

Long head of triceps

115
Q

Peculiar function of triceps

A

Long head can adduct humerus

116
Q

Location and function of pretectal nucleus

A

In high midbrain
Resizing pupils

117
Q

Pupils of opioid poisoning

A

Miotic

118
Q

Why midriasis occurs in oculomotor nerve injury

A

Ok parasympathetic nerve travel with oculomotor nerve

119
Q

Pupil of optic neuritis (REDUCED light reflex due to reduced afferent input)is called

A

Marcus Gunn pupil

120
Q

Sensory input of corneal reflex travels through which nerve

A

Nasociliary division of V1

121
Q

Which nerve producers motor response of corneal reflex

A

Facial nerve by orbicularis oculi

122
Q

Which nerve is at risk of injury in case of raised ICP, why is that and manifestation

A

Abducens
Sure to long intracranial course because the nerve exits the brainstem ANTERIORLY at the pontomedullary junction then comes posteriorly.
Damage will result in weakness of abduction

123
Q

Why otalgia following tonsillectomy

A

Due to glossopharyngeal nerve

124
Q

Parasympathetic fibers to parotid

A

Glossopharyngeal via otic ganglion

125
Q

Motor to stylopharyngeus

A

Glossopharyngeal

126
Q

Which nerve has multiple origin branches

A

Spinal accessory

127
Q

Which nerve lies ON the carotid sheath and important

A

Hypoglossal
Risk of injury during carotid Endarterectomy resulting

128
Q

Muscles of tongue are supplied by

A

Hypoglossal except palatoglossal(IX)

129
Q

Anterior, posterior, inferior relation of shoulder joint

A

A- brachial plexus, axillary vessels
I- axillary nerve, circumflex humeral vessels
P- suprascapular vessels and nerve

130
Q

Origin of PALMAR interossei

A

From Metacarpal on which it acts
(None from and on middle one)

131
Q

Origin of Dorsal interossei

A

From Metacarpal on which it acts and from adjacent metacarpal

132
Q

Insertion of interossei

A

Base of proximal phalanx and extensor hood

133
Q

Clinical sign of interossei damage

A

Claw hand

134
Q

Nerve for pincher movement of thumb and index

A

AIN

135
Q

Attachment of extensor retinaculum

A

Ulnar - triquetral, pisiform
Radial - end of radius

136
Q

Superficial structures of extensor retinaculum

A

Basic vein
Cephalic vein
Dorsal cuteneous branch of ulnar nerve
Superficial branch of radial nerve

137
Q

Artery between lateral collateral ligament of wrist and tendons of extensor pollicis Brevis and abductor pollicis Longus

A

Radial nerve

138
Q

Insertion of pectoralis major

A

Lateral edge of bicipital groove

139
Q

Nerve to pectoralis major

A

Lateral pectoral nerve

140
Q

Artery may be injured in fracture of lateral third of clavicle

A

Thoracoacromial artery
(Arising from 2nd part of axillary artery)

141
Q

Termination of thoracoacromial artery

A

Deep to pectoralis major after piercing clavipectoral fascia giving off 4 terminal branches

142
Q

The clavipectoral fascia and the coracoclavicular fascia

A

The clavipectoral fascia and the coracoclavicular fascia are both tissues in the shoulder region that play different roles in the body:
Clavipectoral fascia
A loose connective tissue sheet that allows the pectoralis major muscle to glide over the pectoralis minor muscle. It also suspends the floor of the axilla and protects the axillary nerves and vessels. The clavipectoral fascia is located between the clavicle and the pectoralis minor muscle.
Coracoclavicular fascia
Also known as the coracoclavicular ligament (CCL), this is a strong ligament that stabilizes the acromioclavicular joint (ACJ) in the shoulder. The CCL also helps transmit the weight of the upper limb to the axial skeleton. The CCL is located under the clavicular portion of the pectoralis major muscle.

143
Q

Fascia between clavicle and pectoralis MINOR

A

Clavipectoral

144
Q

Function of clavipectoral fascia for Axilla

A

Suspends floor of Axilla and protects axillary vessels and nerves

145
Q

Which fascia is below clavicular part of pectoralis major

A

Coracoclavicular fascia also called ligament

146
Q

What happens after thoracoacromial artery pierces coracoclavicular fascia

A

Gives off 4 branches
Clavicular-SC joint, subclavius
Pectoral-betw.2 mus. & Supply them
Deltoid-delt.pect. groo.>supply them
Acromial-under deltoid supply it

147
Q

Formation of axillary sheath

A

Prolongation of Prevertebral fascia

148
Q

Fascia anterior to axillary artery

A

Clavipectoral

149
Q

Muscles posterior to third part of axillary artery

A

Subscapularis, Latissimus dorsi, teres major

150
Q

Superficial structure at risk of injury of extensor retinaculum

A

Superficial branch of radial nerve

151
Q

Relation of supraspinatus nerve with trapezius muscle

A

Deep to the muscle

152
Q

Muscles under breast

A

Pectoralis major
Serratus anterior
External oblique

153
Q

Effect on wrist flexors in Klumpke’s palsy

A

Loss of functions

154
Q

Termination of basilic vein

A

It is joined by medial brachial vein before draining into axillary vein

155
Q

Drainage of circumflex humeral veins

A

At the lower border of teres major the anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins drain into basilic vein

156
Q

Function of serratus anterior

A

Causes pushing out of scapula during punch

157
Q

How does IX nerve injury cause winging of scapula

A

Loss of function of trapezius muscle

158
Q

Why injury to Dorsal scapular nerve will cause winging of scapula

A

Loss of function of
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major and minor

159
Q

Breaks in posterior triangle of neck

A

Subclavian artery
External jugular vein

160
Q

Branches of cervical plexus and location

A

Located in posterior triangle of neck
They are
Supraclavicular
Transverse cervical
Great auricular
Lesser occipital

161
Q

What nerve traverses level 2 axillary node and its function

A

Thoracodorsal
Supplies Latissimus dorsi

162
Q

Nerves at risk during axillary nodes clearance

A

Long thoracic
Thoracodorsal
Intercostobrachial

163
Q

Weak supination due to

A

Radial nerve injury

164
Q

Weak supination along with weak elbow flexion due to

A

Musculocutaneous nerve injury

165
Q

Origin of flexor digiti minimi

A

From hamate

166
Q

Origin point of right subclavian and right commonly carotid artery

A

Behind right SC joint

167
Q

Termination of cephalic vein by piercing which fascia

A

After piercing clavipectoral fascia it terminated into axillary vein

168
Q

Vein related to anatomical snuff box

A

Cephalic vein originating from dorsal venous arch laterally

169
Q

Groove at shoulder joint for cephalic vein

A

Deltopectoral

170
Q

Which is the largest carpal bone

A

Capitate

171
Q

Action of accessory nerve on shoulder joint

A

Shrugging/upward rotation

172
Q

Nerve responsible for writing

A

AIN

173
Q

Nerve lying between FPL & FDP

A

AIN

174
Q

Weakness of overhead shoulder movement

A

Injury to thoracodorsal nerve causing weak Latissimus dorsi

175
Q

Paralysis in Erb’s palsy

A

Supraspinatus
Infraspinatus
Deltoid
Biceps
Brachialis
Brachioradialis

176
Q

Nerve at risk of fracture of surgical neck of humerus

A

Axillary

177
Q

Nerve at risk in mid shaft fracture of humerus

A

Radial

178
Q

Artery at risk of injury during level 3 axillary nodes clearance

A

Thoracoacromial artery pierces pectoralis major and gives off branches within this space.
Level 3 nudes
Nodes lie between pectoralis major and minor

179
Q

Supply of radial nerve

A

BEATS

180
Q

Supply of axillary nerve

A

Deltoid
Teres minor

181
Q

Supply of upper Subscapularis

A

Subscapularis

182
Q

Supply of lower subscapular nerve

A

Subscapularis
Teres major

183
Q

Supply of thoracodorsal nerve

A

Latissimus dorsi

184
Q

Muscle used in above head shoulder movement

A

Latissimus dorsi supplied by thoracodorsal nerve

185
Q

What attaches periosteum to bone s

A

Sharpey’s fibrr

186
Q

Lateral winging of scapula fur which muscle and nerve injury

A

Trapezius muscle and XI nerve

187
Q

why wrist flexion of lost on Klumpke’s palsy

A

Midian nerve root affected

188
Q

Which structure separates ulnar artery from median nerve

A

Deep head of pronator teres
& nerve guards the artery (so nerve is below the muscle)

189
Q

Artery may be injured in fracture of lateral third of clavicle

A

Thoracoacromial artery

190
Q

What is coracoid membrane and what pierces it

A

It is a continuation of clavipectoral fascia and cephalic vein pierces is to terminate in the axillary vein

191
Q

Relation of cephalic vein to bicepy

A

Vein is anterolateral to muscle

192
Q

Why ULNAR paradox with radial deviation

A

Affected flexor Carpi ulnaris and flexor digitorum profunda (ulnar 2)-
they can’t flexor DIP joint

193
Q

Nerve to adductor pollicis

A

DEEP ulnar

194
Q

Cutting which sympathetic GANGLIA to treat hyperhidrosis of hands and arms
And caution for which one

A

T2,3
Caution not to injure T1
Its injury may lead to horner’s syndrome

195
Q

What are separated by bicipital aponeurosis In Antecubital fossa

A

Brachial artery and cephalic vein

196
Q

Location of clavipectoral fascia

A

Situated under the clavicular portion of g pectoralis major

197
Q

Structures protected by clavipectoral fascia

A

Axillary neurovasculatures

198
Q

On which muscle axillary nudes are depended for leveling

A

Pectoralis minor

199
Q

How to gain access to level 3 axillary node during Patey mastectomy

A

Division of pectoralis minor

200
Q

Supply of Dorsal scapular nerve and sign of injury

A

Dorsal side of scapula —
Levator scapulae
Rhomboid major
Rhomboid minor

Injury will cause -
shoulder blade may tilt away from the rib cage, or sit in a different resting position on the injured side. It may also be difficult to draw the shoulder blades together or raise the arm fully.
Pain: Pain may be felt in the upper and mid back, lower neck, and shoulder region
neck and spine may be stiff.

201
Q

Caution during Latissimus dorsi flap reconstruction

A

Not to injure thoracodorsal TRUNK which is its own blood supply and muscle is superficial to trunk

202
Q

Relation of thoracodorsal trunk with axilla

A

The trunk runs through the nodes of Axilla

203
Q

Which nerve descends between axillary artery and vein

A

Ulnar

204
Q

Which nerve is surrounded by the lymph nodes near sternocleidomastoid muscle

A

XI

205
Q

Most prone type of must’ve injury during rugby playing and why

A

Brachial trunk C5,6
They tackle with shoulder and this may cause SUDDEN hyperextension of neck without giving Eno time to the trunks to maintain elasticity.

206
Q

What to remember with LAM

A

relation OF median Nerve TO brachial Artery

207
Q

Mechanism of injury of median nerve in supracondylar fracture of humerus

A

Angulation and displacement of distal fragment of humerus

208
Q

Which vessels feed into axillary vein around the neck of humerus

A

Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral veins

209
Q

Nerve passing posterior to medial aspect of first rib

A

Phrenic nerve
To enter into thirax

210
Q

Nerve lying on anterior surface of scalenus anterior

A

Phrenic nerve

211
Q

Which nerve is at more risk of invite during clutch injury

A

Radial

212
Q

Transection of Median nerve just below brachial plexus will cause

A

Complete loss of wrist flexion

213
Q

First nerve to be encountered/injured in careless axillary dissection

A

Intercostobrachial

214
Q

Why is the axillary nerve not at risk during axillary nodes dissection

A

It leaves axilla superiorly through quadrangular space to go posteriorly

215
Q

Which vein crosses anatomical snuff box

A

Cephalic vein

216
Q

Relation of cephalic vein to fascial plane

A

It overlies most of the fascial planes

217
Q

Where does the CEPHALIC vein pierces fascia to join axillary vein and name of fascia

A

The vein pierces coracoid membrane (continuation of clavipectoral fascia)—deep fascia of Deltopectoral groove

MTM (12 decks)

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